<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Articles JournalTitle="Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2345-5837</Issn>
      <Volume>0</Volume>
      <Issue>0</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>10</Month>
        <Day>13</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Rethinking AI in Medical Imaging: Assumptions, Reality, and Reframing; Towards Physician-Centered Agentic Reasoning</title>
    <FirstPage>1727</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>1727</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Arman</FirstName>
        <LastName>Rahmim</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">University of British Columbia</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Nourhan</FirstName>
        <LastName>Bayasi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Basic and Translational Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Xiaoxiao</FirstName>
        <LastName>Li</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Babak</FirstName>
        <LastName>Saboury</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Fereshteh</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yousefirizi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Basic and Translational Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>27</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>27</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Medical imaging has served as primary proving ground for clinical AI, yet a decade of intense research has not translated into proportionate bedside impact. We argue that this gap is not primarily a product of insufficient algorithmic performance, inadequate regulation, or lim&#xAD;ited explainability. Rather, it reflects a structural misalignment, between how AI systems are designed and evaluated, and how clinical decisions are made. This work identifies 8 interconnected dimensions of this misalignment: 1) the dominance of pixel-only models in a multimodal clinical world; 2) the erosion of physician trust through opaque and inflexible systems; 3) the unfulfilled promise of founda&#xAD;tion models in data-sparse medical domains; 4) the persistent bottleneck of non-shareable under-curated datasets; 5) the gap between validated algorithms and deployable clinical platforms; 6) the slow, unmonitored translation of evidence into routine practice; 7) the risk of AI displacing rather than extending physician judgment; and 8) the failure of prediction-centric AI to generate actionable, agentic clinical guidance. For each dimension, we reframe the problem and propose a path forward, culminating in a vision of physician-centered AI solutions with agentic reasoning that extend, rather than replace, clinical judgment.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/view/1727</web_url>
    <pdf_url>https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/download/1727/593</pdf_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
