Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies 2345-5837 10 2 2023 03 15 221 233 EN Mohammad Taghi Kheirkhah Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Behesti University, Tehran, Iran Masoud Shekarro Department of Psychology and Special Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Zahra Mirchi Department of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Shahriar Gharibzadeh Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 2022 02 21 2022 06 13 Studies conducted on both normal and abnormal samples have shown transcranial brain stimulation to be effective in improving cognitive functioning. Meanwhile, the behavioral training of cognitive skills has been found to be effective as well. To enhance or rehabilitate core cognitive processes, neuropsychologists and clinicians usually use either one of these or a combination of both. In this study, we reviewed the literature to investigate the effects of brain stimulation alone or combined with cognitive training on attention and working memory. It was concluded that the combined method can be more effective than brain stimulation alone. However, there is no sufficient evidence to make a conclusive statement. https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/view/468 https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/download/468/318