Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies 2345-5837 13 1 2026 01 20 212 221 Mansoreh Zarei Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Hamed Zamani Department of Medical Physics, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hamidreza Masjedi Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Razzagh Abedi-Firouzjah Department of Medical Physics Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mohammad Hossein Zare Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 2023 07 17 2023 10 01 Purpose: Ionizing radiation exposure doses during radiological procedures may increase the patient dose; therefore, dose assessment is an important subject. The current study aimed to estimate the Effective Dose (ED), Risk of Exposure-Induced Death (REID), as well as Annual Per Capita Dose (APCD) in routine radiography procedures in Yazd province (Iran). Materials and Methods: The data related to the exposure parameters and entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) of 9 public high-patient-load radiography centers (11 radiology devices) were collected from 783 patients. Five routine planar radiological examinations were included: lumbar spine, pelvis, abdomen, chest, and skull. The ED and REID values for each device and examination were obtained using a personal computer-based Monte Carlo (PCXMC, v. 2.0) software. The APCD was estimated by dividing the Annual Collective Effective Dose (ACED) by the Yazd population. Results: The estimated mean ESAK values ranged from 0.26±0.11 mGy (chest examination) to 8.45±5.3 mGy (lumbar examination). The lumbar spine examination had the highest ED value (1.02 ± 0.75 mSv). The highest REID value for abdominal, chest, lumbar, pelvic, and skull examinations is associated with stomach (6.58±7.72), lung (2.36±2.79), stomach (7.03±6.11), colon (3.31±5.49), and other cancers (0.58±0.56). The ACED value due to the radiology examinations was obtained at 45.782 man-Sv. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the dose variations among the patients were remarkably high. Choosing appropriate imaging parameters, reducing the frequency of unnecessary radiology examinations, and performing quality control procedures of radiology machines could reduce the patients' doses. https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/view/759 https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/download/759/548