Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies 2345-5837 12 3 2025 07 01 647 657 Ban Zuhair Ahmed Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq. Firas Bashir Hashim AL-Taweel Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq 2023 09 30 2023 10 31 Novel antimicrobials are needed now more than ever as antibiotic resistance to dangerous bacteria and the number of contagious diseases are on the rise. Nanoparticles (NPs) are innovative and promising therapeutic agents as they possess distinctive physiochemical characteristics and can hinder the growth of microorganisms. As such, their potential use as antimicrobials has garnered significant research interest. Researchers have, similarly, trained their sights on nanotechnology, which is the study and development of materials, tools, and systems that have physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that are more unique than those found in larger systems, due to its potential applications and advantages over existing conventional materials, especially in the dental and medical industries. Therefore, a better understanding of the science behind nanotechnology is needed to comprehend how these materials can be used in everyday life. Zein-coated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) have recently shown significant promise as a powerful antibacterial compound that can be combined with other materials to fabricate a variety of brand-new dental formulations. https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/view/838 https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/download/838/395