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<Articles JournalTitle="Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2345-5837</Issn>
      <Volume>13</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>05</Month>
        <Day>01</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Assessing the Difference between Equilibrium Dose and CTDI in Effective Dose Estimation</title>
    <FirstPage>439</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>446</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Soheyla</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sharifian Jazi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Saman</FirstName>
        <LastName>Dalvand</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Hamed</FirstName>
        <LastName>Zamani</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Fahimeh</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hossein Beigi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">0000-0002-8113-3475</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Mohammad</FirstName>
        <LastName>Ghaderian</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Reihaneh</FirstName>
        <LastName>Faraji</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, Medicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Daryoush</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shahbazi-Gahrouei</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2023</Year>
        <Month>12</Month>
        <Day>14</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2024</Year>
        <Month>06</Month>
        <Day>28</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Purpose: The dose of Computed Tomography (CT) scan exams consists of a large proportion of all medical imaging modalities' dose burdens. There are different methods to measure and describe radiation in CT. A standardized way is to measure the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI). However, due to the increase in the detector system size along the z-axis in new CT scanner generations, new measurement methods are described in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine-Task Group No.111(AAPM-TG111). This study aims to estimate the equilibrium dose and compare it with the amount displayed in the volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) at the end of each exam. Eventually, the effective dose was calculated for both methods.
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Materials and Methods: Using a pencil ionization chamber and standard polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA phantom), the following values were calculated: CTDI100, CTDIvol, cumulative dose, equilibrium dose, and effective dose.
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Results: Six protocols performed in two centers, and the results indicated that the measurements with a standard CT dosimetry phantom, was varied between average equilibrium dose and CTDIvol, and the discrepancies ranged between 27% to 33%.
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Conclusion: The CTDIVol is not suitable for evaluating the radiation dose at the end of each scan, and the use of an equilibrium dose for dosimetry of new systems is recommended.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/view/901</web_url>
    <pdf_url>https://fbt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fbt/article/download/901/490</pdf_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
