Human Muscle Synergy Analysis to Approach the Understanding of Brain Control Algorithm
Abstract
Purpose: Muscle synergy is a functional unit that coordinates the activity of a number of muscles. In this study, the extraction of muscle synergies in three types of hand movements in the horizontal plane is investigated.
Materials and Methods: So, after constructing the tracking pattern of three signals, by LabVIEW, the Electromyography (EMG) signal from six muscles of hand was recorded. Then time-constant muscle synergies and their activity curves from the recorded EMG signals were extracted using Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) method.
Results: Comparison of these patterns showed that the non-random motions’ synergies were more similar than the random motions among different individuals. It was observed that in all movements, the similarity of the synergies in one cluster was greater than the similarity of their corresponding activation curves.
Conclusion: The results showed that the complexity of the recurrence plot in random movement is greater than that of the other movements.
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6- d'Avella A., Tresch M.C., "Modularity in the motor system: decomposition of muscle patterns as combinations of time-varying synergies", Neural Information Processing Systems 14 (NIPS) Conference, 141-148, (2001).
7- Tresch M.C., Cheung V.C.K., d'Avella A., "Matrix factorization algorithms for the identification of muscle synergies: evaluation on simulated and experimental data sets.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 95 (4): 2199-212, (2006). doi: 10.1152/jn.00222.2005.
8- Cichocki A., Zdunek R., Phan A.H., Amari S.I., "Nonnegative matrix and tensor factorizations: applications to exploratory multi-way data analysis and blind source separation.", Wiley, (2009).
9- Lee D.D., Seung H.S., "Learning the parts of objects by non-negative matrix factorization.", Nature, 401: 788–791, (1999). doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/44565.
10- Lee D.D., Seung H.S., "Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization.", NIPS’oo:Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press, 13: 535-541, (2000).
11- Marwan N., Romano M.C., Thiel M., Kurths J., "Recurrence plots for the analysis of complex systems.", Physics Reports, 438: 237 – 329, (2007). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2006.11.001.
12- Eckman J.P., Kamphorst S.O., Ruelle.z., "Recurrence Plots of Dynamical Systems.", Europhysics Letters (EPL), 4 (9): 973-97, (1987). doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/4/9/004.
13- Marwan N., "Encounters with neighbours: current developments of concepts based on recurrence plots and their applications.", Ph.D. Thesis, Potsdam, Istitut, (2003).
14- Cheung VC., d'Avella A., Tresch MC., Bizzi E., "Central and Sensory Contributions to the Activation and Organization of Muscle Synergies during Natural Motor Behaviors.", The Journal of Neuroscience, 25(27): 6419–6434, (2005). doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4904-04.2005.
15- d'Avella A., Portone A., Fernandez L., Lacquaniti F., "Control of fast-reaching movements by muscle synergy combinations.", The Journal of neuroscience, 26(30): 7791-7810, (2006). doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0830-06.2006.
16- Torres-Ovideo G., Ting L.H., "Muscle Synergies Characterizing Human Postural Responses.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 98 (4): 2144-56, (2007). doi: 10.1152/jn.01360.2006.
17- d’Avella A., Fernandez L., Portone A., Lacquaniti F., "Modulation of Phasic and Tonic Muscle Synergies With Reaching Direction and Speed.", The Journal of neuroscience, 100(3): 1433–54, (2008). doi: 10.1152/jn.01377.2007.
18- Cheung VC., Piron L., Agostini M., Silvoni S., Turolla A., Bizzi E., "Stability of muscle synergies for voluntary actions after cortical stroke in humans.", Proc.Nati.Acad.Sci.USA, 106(46): 19563-8, (2009). doi: 10.1073/pnas.0910114106.
19- Torres-Ovied G., Ting LH., "ubject-specific muscle synergies in human balance control are consistent across different biomechanical contexts.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 103 (6): 3084–98, (2010). doi: 10.1152/jn.00960.2009.
20- Muceli S., Boye AT., D'Avella A., Farina D., "Identifying representative synergy matrices for describing muscular activation patterns during multidirectional reaching in the horizontal plane.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 103 (3): 1532-1542, (2010). doi: 10.1152/jn.00559.2009.
21- Safavynia SA., Torres-Oviedo G., Ting LH., "Muscle synergies: Implications for clinical evaluation and rehabilitation of movement.", Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 17 (1): 16–24, (2011). doi: 10.1310/sci1701-16.
22- d'Avella A., Saltiel P., Bizzi E., "Combinations of muscle synergies in the construction of a natural motor behavior.", Nature neuroscience, 6(3): 300-8, (2003). doi: 10.1038/nn1010.
23- Ting LH., Macpherson JM., "A Limited Set of Muscle Synergies for Force Control During a Postural Task.", J Neurophysiol, 93 (1): 609–13, (2004). doi: 10.1152/jn.00681.2004
24- Kaboodvand N., Towhidkhah F., Gharibzadeh S., "Extracting and study of synchronous muscle synergies during fast arm reaching movements.", 20th Iranian conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME), (2013). doi: 10.1109/ICBME.2013.6782210
25- http://seniam.org/sensor_location.htm
26- Konrad P., "The ABC of EMG: a Practical Introduction to Kinesiological Electromyography.", Noraxon USA, INC, (2006).
27- Hug F., "Can muscle coordination be precisely studied by surface electromyography.", J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 21 (1): 1-12, (2011). doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2010.08.009.
28- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., Jafari A.H., Fallah A., Razjouyan J., "A fuzzy-genetic model for estimating forces from electromyographical activity of antagonistic muscles due to planar lower arm movements: The effect of nonlinear muscle properties.", Biosystems, 107(1): 56-63, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.09.004.
29- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., "Modeling and control human arm with fuzzy genetic muscle modelbased on reinforcement learning: the muscle activation method.", Int clin Neurosci J, 7(3):138-146, (2020). Doi:10.34172/icnj.2020.15.
30- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., Rangraz P., "Combination of reinforcement learning and bee algorithm for controlling two-link arm with six muscle: simplifiedhuman arm model in the horizontal plane.", Physical and Engineering Sciencesin Medicine 43:135-142, (2020).
2- Cheung VCK., D’Avella A., Bizzi E., "Adjustments of motor pattern for load compensation via modulated activations of muscle synergies during natural behaviors.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 101 (3):1235-57, (2009). doi: 10.1152/jn.01387.2007
3- d'Avella A., Lacquaniti F., “Control of reaching movements by muscle synergy combinations.”, Frontiers in computational neuroscience, 7-42, 2013. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00042
4- Latash ML., "Synergy", OXFORD university press.
5- Sabzevari V.R., Jafari A.H., Boostani R., "Muscle Synergy extraction during arm reaching movements at different speeds.", Technology and Health Care, 25(1): 123-136, (2017). doi: 10.3233/THC-161256.
6- d'Avella A., Tresch M.C., "Modularity in the motor system: decomposition of muscle patterns as combinations of time-varying synergies", Neural Information Processing Systems 14 (NIPS) Conference, 141-148, (2001).
7- Tresch M.C., Cheung V.C.K., d'Avella A., "Matrix factorization algorithms for the identification of muscle synergies: evaluation on simulated and experimental data sets.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 95 (4): 2199-212, (2006). doi: 10.1152/jn.00222.2005.
8- Cichocki A., Zdunek R., Phan A.H., Amari S.I., "Nonnegative matrix and tensor factorizations: applications to exploratory multi-way data analysis and blind source separation.", Wiley, (2009).
9- Lee D.D., Seung H.S., "Learning the parts of objects by non-negative matrix factorization.", Nature, 401: 788–791, (1999). doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/44565.
10- Lee D.D., Seung H.S., "Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization.", NIPS’oo:Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press, 13: 535-541, (2000).
11- Marwan N., Romano M.C., Thiel M., Kurths J., "Recurrence plots for the analysis of complex systems.", Physics Reports, 438: 237 – 329, (2007). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2006.11.001.
12- Eckman J.P., Kamphorst S.O., Ruelle.z., "Recurrence Plots of Dynamical Systems.", Europhysics Letters (EPL), 4 (9): 973-97, (1987). doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/4/9/004.
13- Marwan N., "Encounters with neighbours: current developments of concepts based on recurrence plots and their applications.", Ph.D. Thesis, Potsdam, Istitut, (2003).
14- Cheung VC., d'Avella A., Tresch MC., Bizzi E., "Central and Sensory Contributions to the Activation and Organization of Muscle Synergies during Natural Motor Behaviors.", The Journal of Neuroscience, 25(27): 6419–6434, (2005). doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4904-04.2005.
15- d'Avella A., Portone A., Fernandez L., Lacquaniti F., "Control of fast-reaching movements by muscle synergy combinations.", The Journal of neuroscience, 26(30): 7791-7810, (2006). doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0830-06.2006.
16- Torres-Ovideo G., Ting L.H., "Muscle Synergies Characterizing Human Postural Responses.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 98 (4): 2144-56, (2007). doi: 10.1152/jn.01360.2006.
17- d’Avella A., Fernandez L., Portone A., Lacquaniti F., "Modulation of Phasic and Tonic Muscle Synergies With Reaching Direction and Speed.", The Journal of neuroscience, 100(3): 1433–54, (2008). doi: 10.1152/jn.01377.2007.
18- Cheung VC., Piron L., Agostini M., Silvoni S., Turolla A., Bizzi E., "Stability of muscle synergies for voluntary actions after cortical stroke in humans.", Proc.Nati.Acad.Sci.USA, 106(46): 19563-8, (2009). doi: 10.1073/pnas.0910114106.
19- Torres-Ovied G., Ting LH., "ubject-specific muscle synergies in human balance control are consistent across different biomechanical contexts.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 103 (6): 3084–98, (2010). doi: 10.1152/jn.00960.2009.
20- Muceli S., Boye AT., D'Avella A., Farina D., "Identifying representative synergy matrices for describing muscular activation patterns during multidirectional reaching in the horizontal plane.", Journal of Neurophysiology, 103 (3): 1532-1542, (2010). doi: 10.1152/jn.00559.2009.
21- Safavynia SA., Torres-Oviedo G., Ting LH., "Muscle synergies: Implications for clinical evaluation and rehabilitation of movement.", Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 17 (1): 16–24, (2011). doi: 10.1310/sci1701-16.
22- d'Avella A., Saltiel P., Bizzi E., "Combinations of muscle synergies in the construction of a natural motor behavior.", Nature neuroscience, 6(3): 300-8, (2003). doi: 10.1038/nn1010.
23- Ting LH., Macpherson JM., "A Limited Set of Muscle Synergies for Force Control During a Postural Task.", J Neurophysiol, 93 (1): 609–13, (2004). doi: 10.1152/jn.00681.2004
24- Kaboodvand N., Towhidkhah F., Gharibzadeh S., "Extracting and study of synchronous muscle synergies during fast arm reaching movements.", 20th Iranian conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME), (2013). doi: 10.1109/ICBME.2013.6782210
25- http://seniam.org/sensor_location.htm
26- Konrad P., "The ABC of EMG: a Practical Introduction to Kinesiological Electromyography.", Noraxon USA, INC, (2006).
27- Hug F., "Can muscle coordination be precisely studied by surface electromyography.", J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 21 (1): 1-12, (2011). doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2010.08.009.
28- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., Jafari A.H., Fallah A., Razjouyan J., "A fuzzy-genetic model for estimating forces from electromyographical activity of antagonistic muscles due to planar lower arm movements: The effect of nonlinear muscle properties.", Biosystems, 107(1): 56-63, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.09.004.
29- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., "Modeling and control human arm with fuzzy genetic muscle modelbased on reinforcement learning: the muscle activation method.", Int clin Neurosci J, 7(3):138-146, (2020). Doi:10.34172/icnj.2020.15.
30- Nowshiravan Rahatabad F., Rangraz P., "Combination of reinforcement learning and bee algorithm for controlling two-link arm with six muscle: simplifiedhuman arm model in the horizontal plane.", Physical and Engineering Sciencesin Medicine 43:135-142, (2020).
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 9 No 1 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fbt.v9i1.8140 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Muscle Synergy Electromyography Signal Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Phase Space Recurrence Quantification Analysis | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Nowshiravan Rahatabad F, Rangraz P. Human Muscle Synergy Analysis to Approach the Understanding of Brain Control Algorithm. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2021;9(1):12-20.
