Monte Carlo Code Calculation for the Characterization of 10nm Nano-Layers Coated 50nm 90Y Radionuclide Nanospheres Radiation in the Liver Radionuclide Therapy
Abstract
Purpose: Cancer radionuclide therapy is an effective, beneficial, and crucial method of cancer treatment that uses unsealed radioactivated radionuclides sources that are attached to a targeting vector to deliver therapeutic radiation doses from the ionizing radiation source to specific disease sites either for curative intent or for disease control and palliation for the patient pain decreasing. For this aim, Monte Carlo N–Particle 5 (MCNP5) MC computational code was employed for simulations and calculations as well as radiation transport.
Materials and Methods: 50nm 90Y radionuclide nanosphere was modelled coated by a 10nm coating layer with some non-toxic high and low Z materials. Physical interactions, such as β-ray and the simulated coating materials were studied and radiological parameters were scored by the used MC code. Attenuation of β-ray, and production of the bremsstrahlung X-ray photons and other phenomena were simulated by the code and analyzed. MC code estimated the effect of the simulated coating materials, such as Gold, Platinum, Gaddolonium, Silver, and Epoxy-Resin on the radiation characteristics around the modelled nano-radionuclide per 2nm from the radiation source surface to 1µm distance. Produced bremsstrahlung X-ray by the source coating material and tissue atoms, emitted β-particle number, flux over the surfaces (per 2nm), radiation fluence of photon and β- ray, deposited energy per gr of the cell medium, and average dose to the cells around the 500nm and 1µm distance from the radionuclide source surface also was derived.
Results: Our results showed that coating the radionuclide with the materials especially high Z (Gold and Platinum) materials may produce a dual emitter radiation source, X-ray photon and β- ray and is capable of killing the cancer cells more than the source with not-coated source.
Conclusion: Our conclusion was that coating the β- ray emitter radionuclides, especially high-energy β- ray, enhances its therapeutical capability with X-ray and β- ray emission. The studied coated sources in our study were performed as a dual radiation source; produced X-ray and β-ray, which increases the therapeutic efficiency of the source.
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2- I. M. Costa, J. Cheng, K. M. Osytek, C. Imberti, and S. Y. A. Terry, "Methods and techniques for in vitro subcellular localization of radiopharmaceuticals and radionuclides.", Nuclear Medicine and Biology, vol. 98-99, pp. 18-29, (2021).
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4- M. Sahagia, E. L. Grigorescu, A. Luca, A. C. W+ñtjen, C. Ivan, A. Antohe, and M. R. Ioan, "60 years of absolute standardization of radionuclides by coincidence counting methods in the Romanian metrology laboratory.", Applied Radiation and Isotopes, vol. 174, p. 109707, (2021).
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15- N. Heynickx, K. Herrmann, K. Vermeulen, S. Baatout, and A. Aerts, "The salivary glands as a dose limiting organ of PSMA- targeted radionuclide therapy: A review of the lessons learnt so far.", Nuclear Medicine and Biology, vol. 98-99, pp. 30-39, (2021).
16- M. Lassmann, U. Eberlein, and J. Tran-Gia, "Multicentre Trials on Standardised Quantitative Imaging and Dosimetry for Radionuclide Therapies.", Clinical Oncology, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 125-130, (2021).
17- W. Delbart, G. E. Ghanem, I. Karfis, P. Flamen, and Z. +. Wimana, "Investigating intrinsic radiosensitivity biomarkers to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE in a panel of cancer cell lines.", Nuclear Medicine and Biology, vol. 96-97, pp. 68-79, (2021).
18- T. Vaghaiwalla, B. Ruhle, K. Memeh, P. Angelos, E. Kaplan, C. Y. Liao, B. Polite, and X. Keutgen, "Response rates in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors receiving peptide receptor radionuclide therapy and implications for future treatment strategies.", Surgery, vol. 169, no. 1, pp. 162-167, (2021).
19- K. Fujieda, J. Kataoka, S. Mochizuki, L. Tagawa, S. Sato, R. Tanaka, K. Matsunaga, T. Kamiya, T. Watabe, H. Kato, E. Shimosegawa, and J. Hatazawa, "First demonstration of portable Compton camera to visualize 223-Ra concentration for radionuclide therapy.", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 958, p. 162802, (2020).
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29- J. Garousi, E. von Witting, J. Borin, A. Vorobyeva, M. Altai, O. Vorontsova, M. W. Konijnenberg, M. Oroujeni, A. Orlova, V. Tolmachev, and S. Hober, "Radionuclide therapy using ABD-fused ADAPT scaffold protein: Proof of Principle.", Biomaterials, vol. 266, p. 120381, (2021).
30- A. Stankovi-ç, J. Mihailovi-ç, M. Mirkovi-ç, M. Radovi-ç, Z. Milanovi-ç, M. Ognjanovi-ç, D. Jankovi-ç, B. Anti-ç, M. Mijovi-ç, S. Vranje+í--Éuri-ç, and +. Prijovi-ç, "Aminosilanized flower-structured superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coupled to 131I-labeled CC49 antibody for combined radionuclide and hyperthermia therapy of cancer.", International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol. 587, p. 119628, (2020).
31- S. Agostinelli, J.et al, "Geant4GÇöa simulation toolkit.", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 506, no. 3, pp. 250-303, (2003).
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34- Andreas H Mahnken, "90Y-glass microspheres for hepatic neoplasia.", Future Oncol, 11(9):1343-54, (2015).
35- Y. Caffari, P. Spring, C. Bailat, Y. Nedjadi, and F. Bochud, "Activity measurements of 18F and 90Y with commercial radionuclide calibrators for nuclear medicine in Switzerland.", Applied Radiation and Isotopes, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 1388-1391, (2010).
36- H. Ahmadzadehfar, H. J. Biersack, and S. Ezziddin, "Radioembolization of Liver Tumors With Yttrium-90 Microspheres.", Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 105-121, (2010).
37- V. Aleksandar, J. Drina, R. Magdalena, M. Zorana, M. Marija, S. Dragana, and V. Sanja, "Optimization of the radiolabelling method for improved in vitro and in vivo stability of 90Y-albumin microspheres.", in Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 156:108984, (2020).
38- F. Biltekin, G. Ozyigit, M. Yeginer, M. Cengiz, D. Celik, F. Yildiz, F. Akyol, F. Zorlu, and M. Gurkaynak, "EP-1374 THE SECONDARY MALIGNANCY RISK ESTIMATION DUE TO THE NEUTRON CONTAMINATION IN 3D-CRT AND IMRT TREATMENT TECHNIQUES.", Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 103, p. S521-S522, (2012).
39- M. L. J. Smits, Nijsen, B. A. Zonnenberg, B. A. Seinstra, M. G. E. H. Lam, and M. A. A. J. van den Bosch, "Intra-arterial radioembolization of breast cancer liver metastases: A structured review.", European Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 709, no. 1, pp. 37-42, (2013).
40- Seyyed Mostafa Ghavami, Ghiasi Hosein, and Asghar Mesbahi, "MONTE CARLO MODELING OF THE YTTRIUM-90 NANOSPHERES APPLICATION IN THE LIVER RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY AND ORGANS DOSES CALCULATION.", Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 31(1):89-96, (2016).
41- International Commission on Radiological Protection, "The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection.", ICRP,103, (2007).
42- International Commission on Radiological Protection, "Use of dose quantities in radiological protection," Ann. ICRP,147, (2021).
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| Issue | Vol 9 No 2 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fbt.v9i2.8849 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Nanospheres 90Y Nanospheres Monte Carlo N–Particle Monte Carlo Simulation Radionuclide Therapy | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Seyednejad F, Ghiasi H. Monte Carlo Code Calculation for the Characterization of 10nm Nano-Layers Coated 50nm 90Y Radionuclide Nanospheres Radiation in the Liver Radionuclide Therapy. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2022;9(2):102-109.
