Investigation the physical properties of different ion species at hadron therapy; a comprehensive study
Abstract
Purpose: Recently, using hadrons as therapeutic beam is highly advised for radiation treatment of deep seated tumors due to desired conforming of three dimensional dose distribution onto tumor volume. This refers to physical properties of common available hadrons versus photons and electrons in colliding with patient body atoms that is our main challenge is this work, in a comparative fashion. Methods: In this work, protons Caron- and Oxygen-Ions are considered as therapeutic beams while irradiating a given tumor located at soft tissue equivalent phantom to mimic patient body using Monte Carlo FLUKA code. The high impact properties of available beams implemented at hadron therapy facilities are investigated quantitatively, during simulation process while no study have been done formerly. Results: Depth dose profiles of hadrons, linear energy transfer, beams lateral divergence, spread out Bragg peak, produced neutrons and produced positron emitter as radioisotopes produced due to colliding hadrons with nucleus of the atoms are measured, numerically. The latter case include C-10, C-11, N-13 and O-15 at soft tissue that are highly important for proton range verification inside patient body using positron emission tomography system. Conclusion: Among hadrons, linear energy transfer of Carbon- and Oxygen ion is superior versus proton due to their high atomic numbers that reduce treatment fraction remarkably. Furthermore, at proton therapy the main source of produced neutrons are passive or active modulation devices located in front of therapeutic beam. Among produced positron emitters, C-11 and O-15 are remarkable for providing functional image to assess hadrons range.
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| hadron therapy depth dose profiles neutrons spread out Bragg peak beam divergence positron emitters | ||
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