Evaluation of the Performance of Polymer-based Shields Containing Boron Compounds in Medical Centers
,
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of polymer-based shields containing boron compounds for radiation protection in medical centers, focusing on their performance against neutron and gamma radiation.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies published from 2010 to February 2025 were included. The search strategy employed keywords related to polymer-based shields, boron compounds, and radiation protection in medical settings.
Results: Boron-containing polymers demonstrated significant potential for radiation shielding, particularly against neutrons. Nanocomposites incorporating high-Z elements showed improved gamma radiation attenuation. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanocomposites exhibited superior neutron absorption properties. Epoxy-based composites with various nanoparticles showed enhanced protection against both neutron and gamma radiation. Recycled high-density polyethylene (R-HDPE) composites containing gadolinium oxide demonstrated promising thermal neutron shielding capabilities.
Conclusion: Polymer-based shields containing boron compounds offer lightweight, flexible, and effective alternatives to traditional shielding materials. These materials show particular promise in medical applications, potentially improving safety for both patients and healthcare providers. However, challenges remain in optimizing material composition, thickness, and long-term stability for practical implementation in clinical settings.
1- Mahmoudi G Tarighatnia A, Nader ND. , "Radiation Exposure Aspects during Trans-Radial Angiography and Angioplasty. ." Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies. , Vol. 10(3):234-6.(2023 ).
2- Tarighatnia A Malekzadeh R, Mehnati P, Nader ND. , "Reduction of radiation risk to cardiologists and patients during coronary angiography: effect of exposure angulation and composite shields. ." Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies., ( 2023 ).
3- Alian AH Khaleghi Fard A, Pourafkari L, Ghojazadeh M, Tarighatnia A, Farajollahi A. , "Impact of pelvic and rad-board lead shields on operator and patient radiation dose in trans-radial coronary procedures. ." Radiation protection dosimetry., Vol. 187(1):108-14.( 2019 ).
4- Nadin Jamal AbuAlRoos, Noorfatin Aida Baharul Amin, and Rafidah Zainon, "Conventional and new lead-free radiation shielding materials for radiation protection in nuclear medicine: A review." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 165p. 108439, (2019).
5- Cheah Chee Ban et al., "Modern heavyweight concrete shielding: Principles, industrial applications and future challenges; review." Journal of Building Engineering, Vol. 39p. 102290, (2021).
6- Malekzadeh R Asadpour N, Rajabpour S, Refahi S, Mehnati P, Shanei A. , "Shielding performance of multi-metal nanoparticle composites for diagnostic radiology: an MCNPX and Geant4 study. ." Radiological Physics and Technology. , Vol. 16(1):57-68(2023).
7- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Divband B, Sooteh MY. , "Assessment of the effect of nano-composite shield on radiation risk prevention to breast during computed tomography." Iran J Radiol, Vol. 17(1)(2020).
8- Yousefi Sooteh M Mehnati P, Malekzadeh R, Divband B. , "Nanomedicine Journal." Synthesis and characterization of nano Bi2O3 for radiology shield, Vol. 5(4):222-6.( 2018 ).
9- Mesbahi A Mansouri E, Malekzadeh R, Mansouri A. , "Shielding characteristics of nanocomposites for protection against X-and gamma rays in medical applications: effect of particle size, photon energy and nano-particle concentration." Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, Vol. 59:583-600(2020).
10- Sooteh MY Mehnati P, Malekzadeh R, Divband B, Refahi S. , "Breast conservation from radiation damage by using nano bismuth shields in chest computed tomography scan." crescent journal of medical and biological sciences Vol. 6(1), 46-50.(2019).
11- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY. , "New Bismuth composite shield for radiation protection of breast during coronary CT angiography." Iran J Radiol, Vol. 16(3)(2019 ).
12- Kanisorn Kaewsrithong, Tawat Suriwong, Phongthorn Julphunthong, Pincha Torkittikul, Panisara Disuea, and Thanongsak Nochaiya, "Development and evaluation of boron carbide-modified unsaturated polyester resin for use as neutron radiation Protection." in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, (2023), Vol. 2653 (No. 1): IOP Publishing, p. 012065.
13- Shiyan Yang, Yupeng Yao, Hanlong Wang, and Hai Huang, "A Comparative Study of Neutron Shielding Performance in Al-Based Composites Reinforced with Various Boron-Containing Particles for Radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo Simulation." Nanomaterials, Vol. 14 (No. 21), p. 1696, (2024).
14- Rifqah Nurul Ihsani, Paulus Lobo Gareso, and Dahlang Tahir, "An overview of gamma radiation shielding: Enhancements through polymer-lead (Pb) composite materials." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, p. 111619, (2024).
15- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY. , "Application of personal non-lead nano-composite shields for radiation protection in diagnostic radiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Nanomed. J., Vol. 7(3):170-82.( 2020).
16- Hong Xu et al., "Novel promising boron agents for boron neutron capture therapy: Current status and outlook on the future." Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 511p. 215795, (2024).
17- Roman Nikolaevich Yastrebinsky, Anna Viktorovna Yastrebinskaya, Andrey Ivanovich Gorodov, and Anastasia Vladislavovna Akimenko, "Polymer Boron-Containing Composite for Protecting Astronauts of Manned Orbital Stations from Secondary Neutron Radiation." Journal of Composites Science, Vol. 8 (No. 9), p. 372, (2024).
18- Aytaç Levet, "Investigation of radiation shielding parameters of boron compounds." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Vol. 179 (No. 3-4), pp. 458-73, (2024).
19- Mücahid Özcan, Cengiz Kaya, and Figen Kaya, "Cosmic radiation shielding property of boron reinforced continuous fiber nanocomposites produced by electrospinning." Discover Nano, Vol. 18 (No. 1), p. 152, (2023).
20- Zaker Salehi and Mansour Tayebi Khorami, "How efficient are metal‐polymer and dual‐metals‐polymer non‐lead radiation shields?" Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences, Vol. 71 (No. 1), pp. 57-62, (2024).
21- Slimane Abdous, Mehdi Derradji, Zineb Mekhalif, Karim Khiari, Oussama Mehelli, and Younes Bourenane Cherif, "Advances in Polymeric Neutron Shielding: The Role of Benzoxazine-h-BN Nanocomposites in Nuclear Protection." Radiation Research, Vol. 200 (No. 3), pp. 242-55, (2023).
22- Qiru Chang, Shaoyun Guo, and Xianlong Zhang, "Radiation shielding polymer composites: Ray-interaction mechanism, structural design, manufacture and biomedical applications." Materials & Design, p. 112253, (2023).
23- Ahmet Hakan Yilmaz, Bülend Ortaç, and Sevil Savaskan Yilmaz, "Boron and Boron Compounds in Radiation Shielding Materials." in Boron, Boron Compounds and Boron-Based Materials and Structures: IntechOpen, (2023).
24- Mucahid Ozcan, Suna Avcioglu, Cengiz Kaya, and Figen Kaya, "Boron carbide reinforced electrospun nanocomposite fiber mats for radiation shielding." (2023).
25- Slimane Abdous, Mehdi Derradji, Zineb Mekhalif, Karim Khiari, Oussama Mehelli, and Younes Bourenane Cherif, "Investigating the Radiation Shielding Properties of Hexagonal-Boron Nitride Nanocomposite with Bisphenol A-Based Polybenzoxazine Matrix." Available at SSRN 4535679, (2023).
26- AM Reda, MA Alsawah, M Hosni, and RM Ahmed, "Gamma-ray shielding effectiveness, thermal, and dielectric properties of filler-reinforced high-density polyethylene/boron carbide composites." Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 171p. 105174, (2024).
27- Murugasen Priya, A Antony Suresh, M Dhavamurthy, and AV Deepa, "Theoretical Studies on γ-Photon/Neutron Shielding Characteristics of RE3+ Co-Doped Borate, Phosphate, and Silicate Glass Systems." Journal of Optics and Photonics Research, (2024).
28- Myat Mon Aye and Thaw Tun Ko, "Simulation on Radiation Attenuation Properties of Some Polymers for Gamma-ray Shielding Using Monte Carlo Program." in 2024 IEEE Conference on Computer Applications (ICCA), (2024): IEEE, pp. 1-5.
29- Prashant G Ghule, GT Bholane, RP Joshi, SS Dahiwale, PN Shelke, and SD Dhole, "Gamma radiation shielding properties of unsaturated polyester/Bi2O3 composites: An experimental, theoretical and simulation approach." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 216p. 111452, (2024).
30- Bonginkosi Vincent Kheswa, "Gamma radiation shielding properties of (x) BiO–(0.5–x) ZnO–0.2 BO–0.3 SiO glass system." Nukleonika, Vol. 69 (No. 1), pp. 23-29, (2024).
31- Yahaya Saadu Itas, Auwal Baballe, Abdullah Alodhayb, Rajesh Haldhar, and M Khalid Hossain, "Radiation shielding properties of 35-XBaO-15CaO-5Al2O 3-10B 2 O 3-35SiO 2-XBNNT (X= 5, 10, 15, 20) glass reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes." Optical Materials, Vol. 148p. 114957, (2024).
32- Deniz Agehan Kahraman, Fatma Tuba Cogalmis, Ayse Nur Esen, Sevilay Haciyakupoglu, and Bahire Filiz Senkal, "Neutron and gamma-ray shielding effectiveness of novel polyaniline composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 219p. 111675, (2024).
33- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY, Refahi S. , "Assessment of the efficiency of new bismuth composite shields in radiation dose decline to breast during chest CT." The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 49(4):1187-9(2018 ).
34- Saeed Rajabpour, Ghada Almisned, HO Tekin, and Asghar Mesbahi, "Innovative nano-shielding for minimizing stray radiation dose in external radiation therapy: A promising approach to enhance patient safety." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 556p. 165513, (2024).
35- Mahdieh Mokhtari Dorostkar, Haleh Kangarlou, and Akbar Abdi Saray, "Investigating polyurethane foam loaded with high-z nanoparticles for gamma radiation shielding compared to Monte Carlo simulations." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 16271, (2024).
36- Ahmed Khalil et al., "A binary composite material of nano polyaniline intercalated with nano-Fe2O3 for enhancing gamma-radiation-shielding properties: experimental and simulation study." Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 169p. 105067, (2024).
37- Manjunatha HC Nagaraja N, Seenappa L, Sathish KV, Sridhar KN, Ramalingam HB. G, "amma, X-ray and neutron shielding properties of boron polymers." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, Vol. 58:271-276( 2020).
38- Ievhen Pylypchuk, Valeriia Kovach, Anna Iatsyshyn, Volodymyr Kutsenko, and Dmytro Taraduda, "Development Boron and Gadolinium-Containing Composite Materials Based on Natural Polymers for Protection Against Neutron Radiation." in Systems, Decision and Control in Energy V: Springer, (2023), pp. 527-40.
39- Masumeh Khabbazi Shiva Shahshenas Mohammad Ghafouri, "Fabrication of BN nano fiber neutron shield as hospital gown material." (2020).
40- Furkan Erdogan, Braden Goddard, Reza Mohammadi, and Jessika V Rojas, "Gamma-ray and Neutron Attenuation of Hafnium Diboride-Epoxy Composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, p. 111884, (2024).
41- Ferdi Akman, O Kilicoglu, H Ogul, H Ozdogan, Mustafa Recep Kaçal, and Hasan Polat, "Assessment of neutron and gamma-ray shielding characteristics in ternary composites: Experimental analysis and Monte Carlo simulations." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 219p. 111682, (2024).
42- NI Cherkashina et al., "Neutron attenuation in some polymer composite material." Advances in Space Research, Vol. 73 (No. 5), pp. 2638-51, (2024).
43- H Ozdogan, MR Kacal, O Kilicoglu, H Polat, H Ogul, and F Akman, "Experimental, simulation, and theoretical investigations of gamma and neutron shielding characteristics for reinforced with boron carbide and titanium oxide composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 226p. 112167, (2025).
44- Alisha D Vira et al., "Designing a boron nitride polyethylene composite for shielding neutrons." APL Materials, Vol. 11 (No. 10), (2023).
45- Mengge Dong et al., "Novel efficient epoxy resin based shielding materials enhanced with BN powder against nuclear radiation: A new perspective of shielding performance analysis." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 214p. 111295, (2024).
46- Priscila Rodrigues De Oliveira et al., "Novel polyimide-hexagonal boron nitride nanocomposites for synergistic improvement in tribological and radiation shielding properties." Tribology International, Vol. 189p. 108936, (2023).
47- Levan Chkhartishvili et al., "Obtaining Boron Carbide and Nitride Matrix Nanocomposites for Neutron-Shielding and Therapy Applications." Condensed Matter, Vol. 8 (No. 4), p. 92, (2023).
48- Mohamed Elsafi, Esraa H Abdel-Gawad, Mohamed A El-Nahal, and MI Sayyed, "Effect of tin oxide particle size on epoxy resin to form new composites against gamma radiation." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 27901, (2024).
49- Seyed Mohammadreza Safavi et al., "Preparation and characterization of a new Gd2O3-epoxy composite for neutron shielding applications." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 25663, (2024).
50- Yuliia Petrenko, Volodymyr Kotsyubynsky, and Liliia Turovska, "Powder-Filled Epoxy Resin as a Promising Material for Cosmic Radiation Shielding." in Space Resources Conference, (2023): Springer, pp. 115-21.
51- AA Abdelmalik, MO Ogbodo, YM Abubakar, AI Galadima, A Aliyu, and SA Jonah, "Influence of neutron irradiation on the mechanical and dielectric properties of epoxy/titanium oxide nanocomposite." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 198p. 110230, (2022).
52- Donruedee Toyen, Ekachai Wimolmala, Kasinee Hemvichian, Pattra Lertsarawut, and Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, "Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly Thermal-Neutron-Shielding Materials Based on Recycled High-Density Polyethylene and Gadolinium Oxide Composites." Polymers, Vol. 16 (No. 8), p. 1139, (2024).
53- Eman H Awad, Heba A Raslan, MT Abou‐Laila, Eman O Taha, and MM Atta, "Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene/Bi2O3 composites reinforced with CuO/ZnO nanoparticles as sustainable radiation shielding materials." Polymer Engineering & Science, (2024).
2- Tarighatnia A Malekzadeh R, Mehnati P, Nader ND. , "Reduction of radiation risk to cardiologists and patients during coronary angiography: effect of exposure angulation and composite shields. ." Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies., ( 2023 ).
3- Alian AH Khaleghi Fard A, Pourafkari L, Ghojazadeh M, Tarighatnia A, Farajollahi A. , "Impact of pelvic and rad-board lead shields on operator and patient radiation dose in trans-radial coronary procedures. ." Radiation protection dosimetry., Vol. 187(1):108-14.( 2019 ).
4- Nadin Jamal AbuAlRoos, Noorfatin Aida Baharul Amin, and Rafidah Zainon, "Conventional and new lead-free radiation shielding materials for radiation protection in nuclear medicine: A review." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 165p. 108439, (2019).
5- Cheah Chee Ban et al., "Modern heavyweight concrete shielding: Principles, industrial applications and future challenges; review." Journal of Building Engineering, Vol. 39p. 102290, (2021).
6- Malekzadeh R Asadpour N, Rajabpour S, Refahi S, Mehnati P, Shanei A. , "Shielding performance of multi-metal nanoparticle composites for diagnostic radiology: an MCNPX and Geant4 study. ." Radiological Physics and Technology. , Vol. 16(1):57-68(2023).
7- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Divband B, Sooteh MY. , "Assessment of the effect of nano-composite shield on radiation risk prevention to breast during computed tomography." Iran J Radiol, Vol. 17(1)(2020).
8- Yousefi Sooteh M Mehnati P, Malekzadeh R, Divband B. , "Nanomedicine Journal." Synthesis and characterization of nano Bi2O3 for radiology shield, Vol. 5(4):222-6.( 2018 ).
9- Mesbahi A Mansouri E, Malekzadeh R, Mansouri A. , "Shielding characteristics of nanocomposites for protection against X-and gamma rays in medical applications: effect of particle size, photon energy and nano-particle concentration." Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, Vol. 59:583-600(2020).
10- Sooteh MY Mehnati P, Malekzadeh R, Divband B, Refahi S. , "Breast conservation from radiation damage by using nano bismuth shields in chest computed tomography scan." crescent journal of medical and biological sciences Vol. 6(1), 46-50.(2019).
11- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY. , "New Bismuth composite shield for radiation protection of breast during coronary CT angiography." Iran J Radiol, Vol. 16(3)(2019 ).
12- Kanisorn Kaewsrithong, Tawat Suriwong, Phongthorn Julphunthong, Pincha Torkittikul, Panisara Disuea, and Thanongsak Nochaiya, "Development and evaluation of boron carbide-modified unsaturated polyester resin for use as neutron radiation Protection." in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, (2023), Vol. 2653 (No. 1): IOP Publishing, p. 012065.
13- Shiyan Yang, Yupeng Yao, Hanlong Wang, and Hai Huang, "A Comparative Study of Neutron Shielding Performance in Al-Based Composites Reinforced with Various Boron-Containing Particles for Radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo Simulation." Nanomaterials, Vol. 14 (No. 21), p. 1696, (2024).
14- Rifqah Nurul Ihsani, Paulus Lobo Gareso, and Dahlang Tahir, "An overview of gamma radiation shielding: Enhancements through polymer-lead (Pb) composite materials." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, p. 111619, (2024).
15- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY. , "Application of personal non-lead nano-composite shields for radiation protection in diagnostic radiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Nanomed. J., Vol. 7(3):170-82.( 2020).
16- Hong Xu et al., "Novel promising boron agents for boron neutron capture therapy: Current status and outlook on the future." Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 511p. 215795, (2024).
17- Roman Nikolaevich Yastrebinsky, Anna Viktorovna Yastrebinskaya, Andrey Ivanovich Gorodov, and Anastasia Vladislavovna Akimenko, "Polymer Boron-Containing Composite for Protecting Astronauts of Manned Orbital Stations from Secondary Neutron Radiation." Journal of Composites Science, Vol. 8 (No. 9), p. 372, (2024).
18- Aytaç Levet, "Investigation of radiation shielding parameters of boron compounds." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Vol. 179 (No. 3-4), pp. 458-73, (2024).
19- Mücahid Özcan, Cengiz Kaya, and Figen Kaya, "Cosmic radiation shielding property of boron reinforced continuous fiber nanocomposites produced by electrospinning." Discover Nano, Vol. 18 (No. 1), p. 152, (2023).
20- Zaker Salehi and Mansour Tayebi Khorami, "How efficient are metal‐polymer and dual‐metals‐polymer non‐lead radiation shields?" Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences, Vol. 71 (No. 1), pp. 57-62, (2024).
21- Slimane Abdous, Mehdi Derradji, Zineb Mekhalif, Karim Khiari, Oussama Mehelli, and Younes Bourenane Cherif, "Advances in Polymeric Neutron Shielding: The Role of Benzoxazine-h-BN Nanocomposites in Nuclear Protection." Radiation Research, Vol. 200 (No. 3), pp. 242-55, (2023).
22- Qiru Chang, Shaoyun Guo, and Xianlong Zhang, "Radiation shielding polymer composites: Ray-interaction mechanism, structural design, manufacture and biomedical applications." Materials & Design, p. 112253, (2023).
23- Ahmet Hakan Yilmaz, Bülend Ortaç, and Sevil Savaskan Yilmaz, "Boron and Boron Compounds in Radiation Shielding Materials." in Boron, Boron Compounds and Boron-Based Materials and Structures: IntechOpen, (2023).
24- Mucahid Ozcan, Suna Avcioglu, Cengiz Kaya, and Figen Kaya, "Boron carbide reinforced electrospun nanocomposite fiber mats for radiation shielding." (2023).
25- Slimane Abdous, Mehdi Derradji, Zineb Mekhalif, Karim Khiari, Oussama Mehelli, and Younes Bourenane Cherif, "Investigating the Radiation Shielding Properties of Hexagonal-Boron Nitride Nanocomposite with Bisphenol A-Based Polybenzoxazine Matrix." Available at SSRN 4535679, (2023).
26- AM Reda, MA Alsawah, M Hosni, and RM Ahmed, "Gamma-ray shielding effectiveness, thermal, and dielectric properties of filler-reinforced high-density polyethylene/boron carbide composites." Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 171p. 105174, (2024).
27- Murugasen Priya, A Antony Suresh, M Dhavamurthy, and AV Deepa, "Theoretical Studies on γ-Photon/Neutron Shielding Characteristics of RE3+ Co-Doped Borate, Phosphate, and Silicate Glass Systems." Journal of Optics and Photonics Research, (2024).
28- Myat Mon Aye and Thaw Tun Ko, "Simulation on Radiation Attenuation Properties of Some Polymers for Gamma-ray Shielding Using Monte Carlo Program." in 2024 IEEE Conference on Computer Applications (ICCA), (2024): IEEE, pp. 1-5.
29- Prashant G Ghule, GT Bholane, RP Joshi, SS Dahiwale, PN Shelke, and SD Dhole, "Gamma radiation shielding properties of unsaturated polyester/Bi2O3 composites: An experimental, theoretical and simulation approach." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 216p. 111452, (2024).
30- Bonginkosi Vincent Kheswa, "Gamma radiation shielding properties of (x) BiO–(0.5–x) ZnO–0.2 BO–0.3 SiO glass system." Nukleonika, Vol. 69 (No. 1), pp. 23-29, (2024).
31- Yahaya Saadu Itas, Auwal Baballe, Abdullah Alodhayb, Rajesh Haldhar, and M Khalid Hossain, "Radiation shielding properties of 35-XBaO-15CaO-5Al2O 3-10B 2 O 3-35SiO 2-XBNNT (X= 5, 10, 15, 20) glass reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes." Optical Materials, Vol. 148p. 114957, (2024).
32- Deniz Agehan Kahraman, Fatma Tuba Cogalmis, Ayse Nur Esen, Sevilay Haciyakupoglu, and Bahire Filiz Senkal, "Neutron and gamma-ray shielding effectiveness of novel polyaniline composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 219p. 111675, (2024).
33- Malekzadeh R Mehnati P, Sooteh MY, Refahi S. , "Assessment of the efficiency of new bismuth composite shields in radiation dose decline to breast during chest CT." The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 49(4):1187-9(2018 ).
34- Saeed Rajabpour, Ghada Almisned, HO Tekin, and Asghar Mesbahi, "Innovative nano-shielding for minimizing stray radiation dose in external radiation therapy: A promising approach to enhance patient safety." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 556p. 165513, (2024).
35- Mahdieh Mokhtari Dorostkar, Haleh Kangarlou, and Akbar Abdi Saray, "Investigating polyurethane foam loaded with high-z nanoparticles for gamma radiation shielding compared to Monte Carlo simulations." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 16271, (2024).
36- Ahmed Khalil et al., "A binary composite material of nano polyaniline intercalated with nano-Fe2O3 for enhancing gamma-radiation-shielding properties: experimental and simulation study." Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 169p. 105067, (2024).
37- Manjunatha HC Nagaraja N, Seenappa L, Sathish KV, Sridhar KN, Ramalingam HB. G, "amma, X-ray and neutron shielding properties of boron polymers." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, Vol. 58:271-276( 2020).
38- Ievhen Pylypchuk, Valeriia Kovach, Anna Iatsyshyn, Volodymyr Kutsenko, and Dmytro Taraduda, "Development Boron and Gadolinium-Containing Composite Materials Based on Natural Polymers for Protection Against Neutron Radiation." in Systems, Decision and Control in Energy V: Springer, (2023), pp. 527-40.
39- Masumeh Khabbazi Shiva Shahshenas Mohammad Ghafouri, "Fabrication of BN nano fiber neutron shield as hospital gown material." (2020).
40- Furkan Erdogan, Braden Goddard, Reza Mohammadi, and Jessika V Rojas, "Gamma-ray and Neutron Attenuation of Hafnium Diboride-Epoxy Composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, p. 111884, (2024).
41- Ferdi Akman, O Kilicoglu, H Ogul, H Ozdogan, Mustafa Recep Kaçal, and Hasan Polat, "Assessment of neutron and gamma-ray shielding characteristics in ternary composites: Experimental analysis and Monte Carlo simulations." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 219p. 111682, (2024).
42- NI Cherkashina et al., "Neutron attenuation in some polymer composite material." Advances in Space Research, Vol. 73 (No. 5), pp. 2638-51, (2024).
43- H Ozdogan, MR Kacal, O Kilicoglu, H Polat, H Ogul, and F Akman, "Experimental, simulation, and theoretical investigations of gamma and neutron shielding characteristics for reinforced with boron carbide and titanium oxide composites." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 226p. 112167, (2025).
44- Alisha D Vira et al., "Designing a boron nitride polyethylene composite for shielding neutrons." APL Materials, Vol. 11 (No. 10), (2023).
45- Mengge Dong et al., "Novel efficient epoxy resin based shielding materials enhanced with BN powder against nuclear radiation: A new perspective of shielding performance analysis." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 214p. 111295, (2024).
46- Priscila Rodrigues De Oliveira et al., "Novel polyimide-hexagonal boron nitride nanocomposites for synergistic improvement in tribological and radiation shielding properties." Tribology International, Vol. 189p. 108936, (2023).
47- Levan Chkhartishvili et al., "Obtaining Boron Carbide and Nitride Matrix Nanocomposites for Neutron-Shielding and Therapy Applications." Condensed Matter, Vol. 8 (No. 4), p. 92, (2023).
48- Mohamed Elsafi, Esraa H Abdel-Gawad, Mohamed A El-Nahal, and MI Sayyed, "Effect of tin oxide particle size on epoxy resin to form new composites against gamma radiation." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 27901, (2024).
49- Seyed Mohammadreza Safavi et al., "Preparation and characterization of a new Gd2O3-epoxy composite for neutron shielding applications." Scientific Reports, Vol. 14 (No. 1), p. 25663, (2024).
50- Yuliia Petrenko, Volodymyr Kotsyubynsky, and Liliia Turovska, "Powder-Filled Epoxy Resin as a Promising Material for Cosmic Radiation Shielding." in Space Resources Conference, (2023): Springer, pp. 115-21.
51- AA Abdelmalik, MO Ogbodo, YM Abubakar, AI Galadima, A Aliyu, and SA Jonah, "Influence of neutron irradiation on the mechanical and dielectric properties of epoxy/titanium oxide nanocomposite." Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 198p. 110230, (2022).
52- Donruedee Toyen, Ekachai Wimolmala, Kasinee Hemvichian, Pattra Lertsarawut, and Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, "Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly Thermal-Neutron-Shielding Materials Based on Recycled High-Density Polyethylene and Gadolinium Oxide Composites." Polymers, Vol. 16 (No. 8), p. 1139, (2024).
53- Eman H Awad, Heba A Raslan, MT Abou‐Laila, Eman O Taha, and MM Atta, "Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene/Bi2O3 composites reinforced with CuO/ZnO nanoparticles as sustainable radiation shielding materials." Polymer Engineering & Science, (2024).
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How to Cite
1.
Alimorad Khoram abad Y, Masoumi Verki Z, Sabokro N. Evaluation of the Performance of Polymer-based Shields Containing Boron Compounds in Medical Centers. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2025;.
