Effects of Idiopathic Restless Leg Syndrome on Intima-media Thickness of Carotid Artery: A Case Control Study
-
Mohamad Ghazanfari Hashemi
,
Mahsa Vafaei Mastanabad
,
Maryam Alaei
,
Mohammad Ali Kaviani
,
Ali Asadifar
,
Rahim Momivand
,
Helia Helali
,
Maedeh Ghazanfari Hashemi
,
Marjan Gholami
,
Seyedeh Nooshin Miratashi Yazdi
Abstract
Purpose: Restless legs syndrome is claimed to be associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Intima-media thickness has been reported to be the most valuable surrogate marker and predictor of atherosclerosis progression and upcoming cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between restless legs syndrome and intima-media thickness of the carotid artery.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 23 patients with restless legs syndrome without other known risk factors of cardiovascular diseases were evaluated with regard to the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery by employing a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound study. The findings of the ultrasound study between the case and the control group were compared and statistically analyzed.
Results: Intima-media thickness was revealed to be of a lower value in subjects with restless legs syndrome (0.79±0.10) compared to the control group (0.88±0.13). Also, our study showed that older age and the presence of hypertension directly correlates with intima-media thickness.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that restless legs syndrome is associated with a lower intima-media thickness.
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25- F. Janes et al., "Cerebrovascular Risk in Restless Legs Syndrome: Intima-Media Thickness and Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity: A Case-Control Study." (in eng), Nat Sci Sleep, Vol. 13pp. 967-75, (2021).
26- A. S. Walters and D. B. Rye, "Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke." (in eng), Sleep, Vol. 32 (No. 5), pp. 589-97, May (2009).
27- J. Espinar-Sierra, A. Vela-Bueno, and M. Luque-Otero, "Periodic leg movements in sleep in essential hypertension." (in eng), Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, Vol. 51 (No. 3), pp. 103-7, Jun (1997).
28- T. C. Lin et al., "Cerebrovascular Accident Risk in a Population with Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep: A Preliminary Meta-Analysis." (in eng), Cerebrovasc Dis, Vol. 46 (No. 1-2), pp. 1-9, (2018).
2- C. Garcia-Malo, S. Romero-Peralta, and I. Cano-Pumarega, "Restless Legs Syndrome - Clinical Features." (in eng), Sleep Med Clin, Vol. 16 (No. 2), pp. 233-47, Jun (2021).
3- R. P. Allen, "Restless Leg Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease Pathophysiology." (in eng), Sleep Med Clin, Vol. 10 (No. 3), pp. 207-14, xi, Sep (2015).
4- G. V. Anguelova, M. H. M. Vlak, A. G. Y. Kurvers, and R. M. Rijsman, "Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome." (in eng), Sleep Med Clin, Vol. 15 (No. 2), pp. 277-88, Jun (2020).
5- Q. Lv, X. Wang, T. Asakawa, and X. P. Wang, "Pharmacologic Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome." (in eng), Curr Neuropharmacol, Vol. 19 (No. 3), pp. 372-82, (2021).
6- Y. Oka and Y. Ioue, "[Secondary restless legs syndrome]." (in jpn), Brain Nerve, Vol. 61 (No. 5), pp. 539-47, May (2009).
7- A. Vlasie, S. C. Trifu, C. Lupuleac, B. Kohn, and M. B. Cristea, "Restless legs syndrome: An overview of pathophysiology, comorbidities and therapeutic approaches (Review)." (in eng), Exp Ther Med, Vol. 23 (No. 2), p. 185, Feb (2022).
8- G. Chiaro and M. Manconi, "Restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements during sleep and cardiovascular risk." (in eng), Auton Neurosci, Vol. 220p. 102554, Sep (2019).
9- D. J. Gottlieb, V. K. Somers, N. M. Punjabi, and J. W. Winkelman, "Restless legs syndrome and cardiovascular disease: a research roadmap." (in eng), Sleep Med, Vol. 31pp. 10-17, Mar (2017).
10- M. Bauer, S. Möhlenkamp, and R. Erbel, "[Intima-media thickness as a surrogate for subclinical atherosclerosis]." (in ger), Herz, Vol. 32 (No. 5), pp. 372-8, Aug (2007). Intima-Media-Dicke als Surrogatmarker einer subklinischen Atherosklerose.
11- J. Harreiter and M. Roden, "[Diabetes mellitus-Definition, classification, diagnosis, screening and prevention (Update 2019)]." (in ger), Wien Klin Wochenschr, Vol. 131 (No. Suppl 1), pp. 6-15, May (2019). Diabetes mellitus – Definition, Klassifikation, Diagnose, Screening und Prävention (Update 2019).
12- I. D. Karantas, M. E. Okur, NÜ Okur, and P. I. Siafaka, "Dyslipidemia Management in 2020: An Update on Diagnosis and Therapeutic Perspectives." (in eng), Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets, Vol. 21 (No. 5), pp. 815-34, (2021).
13- S. Taghizadeh et al., "Barriers and facilitators of childhood obesity prevention policies: A systematic review and meta-synthesis." (in eng), Front Pediatr, Vol. 10p. 1054133, (2022).
14- P. J. Touboul et al., "Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004-2006-2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011." (in eng), Cerebrovasc Dis, Vol. 34 (No. 4), pp. 290-6, (2012).
15- P. J. Touboul, "Intima-media thickness of carotid arteries." (in eng), Front Neurol Neurosci, Vol. 36pp. 31-9, (2015).
16- P. Drakatos et al., "Periodic limb movements during sleep: a narrative review." (in eng), J Thorac Dis, Vol. 13 (No. 11), pp. 6476-94, Nov (2021).
17- P. Gonzalez-Latapi and R. Malkani, "Update on Restless Legs Syndrome: from Mechanisms to Treatment." (in eng), Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, Vol. 19 (No. 8), p. 54, Jun 27 (2019).
18- M. Pajares, I. Rojo A, G. Manda, L. Boscá, and A. Cuadrado, "Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications." (in eng), Cells, Vol. 9 (No. 7), Jul 14 (2020).
19- C. T. Hong, H. H. Hu, L. Chan, and C. H. Bai, "Prevalent cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease in people with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis." (in eng), Clin Epidemiol, Vol. 10pp. 1147-54, (2018).
20- W. H. Jost, C. Altmann, T. Fiesel, B. Becht, S. Ringwald, and T. Hoppe, "Influence of levodopa on orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's Disease." (in eng), Neurol Neurochir Pol, Vol. 54 (No. 2), pp. 200-03, (2020).
21- Y. Ohya, I. Abe, K. Fujii, K. Kobayashi, U. Onaka, and M. Fujishima, "Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery in hypertensive subjects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients." (in eng), Hypertension, Vol. 29 (No. 1 Pt 2), pp. 361-5, Jan (1997).
22- B. Popovici and O. Brumaru, "[Correlation between essential hypertension and carotid intima media thickness in children]." (in rum), Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi, Vol. 115 (No. 1), pp. 85-90, Jan-Mar (2011). Corelaţii intre hipertensiunea arterială esentială si grosimea intimă-medie a arterei carotide, la copil.
23- A. Myredal, L. M. Gan, W. Osika, P. Friberg, and M. Johansson, "Increased intima thickness of the radial artery in individuals with prehypertension and hypertension." (in eng), Atherosclerosis, Vol. 209 (No. 1), pp. 147-51, Mar (2010).
24- J. H. Park, S. W. Han, and J. S. Baik, "Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome." (in eng), Eur Neurol, Vol. 67 (No. 6), pp. 321-5, (2012).
25- F. Janes et al., "Cerebrovascular Risk in Restless Legs Syndrome: Intima-Media Thickness and Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity: A Case-Control Study." (in eng), Nat Sci Sleep, Vol. 13pp. 967-75, (2021).
26- A. S. Walters and D. B. Rye, "Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke." (in eng), Sleep, Vol. 32 (No. 5), pp. 589-97, May (2009).
27- J. Espinar-Sierra, A. Vela-Bueno, and M. Luque-Otero, "Periodic leg movements in sleep in essential hypertension." (in eng), Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, Vol. 51 (No. 3), pp. 103-7, Jun (1997).
28- T. C. Lin et al., "Cerebrovascular Accident Risk in a Population with Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep: A Preliminary Meta-Analysis." (in eng), Cerebrovasc Dis, Vol. 46 (No. 1-2), pp. 1-9, (2018).
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 11 No 4 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fbt.v11i4.16510 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Restless Legs Syndrome Intima-Media Thickness Carotid Artery Ultrasound | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Ghazanfari Hashemi M, Vafaei Mastanabad M, Alaei M, Kaviani MA, Asadifar A, Momivand R, Helali H, Ghazanfari Hashemi M, Gholami M, Miratashi Yazdi SN. Effects of Idiopathic Restless Leg Syndrome on Intima-media Thickness of Carotid Artery: A Case Control Study. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2023;11(4):616-621.
