Estimation of Dose Perturbation Due to the Presence of Metal Hip Prostheses in Radiotherapy with Electron and Photon Beams: A Monte Carlo Study
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Abstract
Purpose: The impact of various hip prosthesis materials on the amount of dose perturbation generated by 9 MeV electron and 18 MV photon beams during pelvic radiation therapy is analyzed in this research.
Materials and Methods: The Varian 2100 C/D LINAC head for the electron (9 MeV) and photon (18 MV) modes and a water phantom with a realistic hip prosthesis were modeled using the Monte Carlo (MC) code; MCNPX (Ver. 2.6.0) and were benchmarked for measurement. Four different materials, including Cobalt–Chromium–Molybdenum-alloy (CCM), Stainless Steel (SS), Titanium, and Titanium-alloy (Ti-alloy) were evaluated. The changes in electron and photon fluences and dose perturbations due to the presence of the hip prostheses were investigated.
Results: An increased dose of 13.29%, 13.77%, 6.16%, and 5.93% for 9 MeV and 30.43%, 33.05%, 10.89%, and 11.27% for 18 MV was calculated for Ti-alloy, Ti, CCM, and SS prosthesis, respectively. At 0.5 mm distance from the prosthesis, the Electron Backscatter Factor (EBF) of 1.31, 1.33, 1.15, and 1.14 for 9 MeV and 1.32, 1.34, 1.11, and 1.12 for 18 MV was calculated for Ti-alloy, Ti, CCM, and SS prosthesis, respectively. Dose perturbation is higher at a near distance from the prosthesis; by reducing the distance from the Ti-alloy prosthesis (1.5 to 0.5 mm), an increased dose of 7.70% and 5.54% resulted in 18 MV and 9 MeV, respectively. The dose decreases of up to 21% behind the hip prosthesis were calculated for 18 MV.
Conclusion: It is essential to consider the dose perturbation due to the presence of a hip prosthesis to achieve the optimal treatment planning in radiotherapy.
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3- George X. Ding and Christine W. Yu, "A study on beams passing through hip prosthesis for pelvic radiation treatment." International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Vol. 51 (No. 4), pp. 1167-75, (2001).
4- Edwige Buffard, Régine Gschwind, Libor Makovicka, and Céline David, "Monte Carlo calculations of the impact of a hip prosthesis on the dose distribution." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 251 (No. 1), pp. 9-18, (2006).
5- Kheirollah Mohammadi, Mohsen Hassani, Mahdi Ghorbani, Bagher Farhood, and Courtney Knaup, "Evaluation of the accuracy of various dose calculation algorithms of a commercial treatment planning system in the presence of hip prosthesis and comparison with Monte Carlo." Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, (2017).
6- David W. H. Chin et al., "Effect of dental restorations and prostheses on radiotherapy dose distribution: A monte carlo study." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 10 (No. 1), pp. 80-89, (2009).
7- Paul J. Keall, Jeffrey V. Siebers, Robert Jeraj, and Radhe Mohan, "Radiotherapy dose calculations in the presence of hip prostheses." Medical Dosimetry, Vol. 28 (No. 2), pp. 107-12, (2003).
8- C. H. Sibata, H. C. Mota, P. D. Higgins, D. Gaisser, J. P. Saxton, and K. H. Shin, "Influence of hip prostheses on high energy photon dose distributions." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 18 (No. 2), pp. 455-61, (1990).
9- M. Semlitsch and H. G. Willert, "Properties of implant alloys for artificial hip joints." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, Vol. 18 (No. 4), pp. 511-20, (1980).
10- M. Tatcher and S. Palti, "Evaluation of density correction algorithms for photon-beam dose calculations." Radiology, Vol. 141 (No. 1), pp. 201-05, (1981).
11- Nicholas Ade and F. C. P. du Plessis, "Measurement of the influence of titanium hip prosthesis on therapeutic electron beam dose distributions in a novel pelvic phantom." Physica Medica, Vol. 42pp. 99-107, 2017/10// (2017).
12- Sang Hoon Lee et al., "Analysis of output factors with various detectors in small-field electron-beam radiotherapy." Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol. 60 (No. 5), pp. 875-80, (2012).
13- C. Glide‐hurst, H. Zhong, M. Altman, D. Chen, and I. Chetty, "WE‐C‐BRB‐01: Dosimetric Changes Realized from Extended Bit‐Depth and Metal Artifact Reduction in CT." Medical Physics, Vol. 39 (No. 6), pp. 3943-43, (2012).
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15- Elinore Wieslander and Tommy Knöös, "Dose perturbation in the presence of metallic implants: Treatment planning system versus Monte Carlo simulations." Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 48 (No. 20), pp. 3295-305, (2003).
16- Asghar Mesbahi and Farshad Seyed Nejad, "Dose attenuation effect of hip prostheses in a 9-MV photon beam: Commercial treatment planning system versus Monte Carlo calculations." Radiation Medicine - Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Vol. 25 (No. 10), pp. 529-35, 2007/12// (2007).
17- Sung Yen Lin, Tieh Chi Chu, Jao Perng Lin, and Mu Tai Liu, "The effect of a metal hip prosthesis on the radiation dose in therapeutic photon beam irradiations." Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Vol. 57 (No. 1), pp. 17-23, (2002).
18- R. Roberts, "How accurate is a CT-based dose calculation on a pencil beam TPS for a patient with a metallic prosthesis?" Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 46 (No. 9), pp. N227-N27, (2001).
19- Martin Erlanson, Lars Franzén, Roger Henriksson, Bo Littbrand, and Per olov Lofroth, "Planning of radiotherapy for patients with hip prosthesis." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 20 (No. 5), pp. 1093-98, (1991).
20- P. J. Biggs and M. D. Russell, "Effect of a femoral head prosthesis on megavoltage beam radiotherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 14 (No. 3), pp. 581-86, (1988).
21- Brandon M. Barney, Ivy A. Petersen, Sean C. Dowdy, Jamie N. Bakkum-Gamez, Kristi A. Klein, and Michael G. Haddock, "Intraoperative Electron Beam Radiotherapy (IOERT) in the management of locally advanced or recurrent cervical cancer." Radiation Oncology, Vol. 8 (No. 1), pp. 80-80, (2013).
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24- Philip von Voigts-Rhetz, Damian Czarnecki, and Klemens Zink, "Effective point of measurement for parallel plate and cylindrical ion chambers in megavoltage electron beams." Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik, Vol. 24 (No. 3), pp. 216-23, 2014/09/01/ (2014).
25- Jose Perez-Calatayud, Facundo Ballester, Miguel A. Serrano, José L. Lluch, Emilio Casal, and Vicente Carmona, "Dosimetric characteristics of backscattered electrons in lead." Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. 45 (No. 7), p. 1841, (2000).
26- Sanjay Sathiyan, M. Ravikumar, and Sanjay S. Supe, "Measurement of backscattered dose at metallic interfaces using high energy electron beams." Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, Vol. 11 (No. 3), pp. 117-21, (2006).
27- D. Mihailescu and C. Borcia, "electron dose distributions in inhomogeneous phantoms: a Monte Carlo Study." Rom. Rep. Phys, Vol. 70pp. 603-03, (2018).
28- Indra J. Das and Faiz M. Kahn, "Backscatter Dose Perturbation at High Atomic Number Interfaces in Megavoltage Photon Beams." Medical Physics, Vol. 16 (No. 3), pp. 367-75, 1989/5// (1989).
29- Yang Li, Zhongsheng Zhou, Shenghao Xu, Jinlan Jiang, and Jianlin Xiao, "Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Osteoradionecrosis of the Femoral Head." in Medical Science Monitor Vol. 29, ed, (2023).
30- Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni Toossi, Marziyeh Behmadi, Mahdi Ghorbani, and Hamid Gholamhosseinian, "A Monte Carlo study on electron and neutron contamination caused by the presence of hip prosthesis in photon mode of a 15 MV Siemens PRIMUS linac." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 14 (No. 5), pp. 52-67, (2013).
31- Rowen J. de Vries and Steven Marsh, "Evaluation of backscatter dose from internal lead shielding in clinical electron beams using EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulations." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 16 (No. 6), pp. 139-50, 2015/11// (2015).
32- Indra J. Das, Chee Wai Cheng, Raj K. Mitra, Alireza Kassaee, Zelig Tochner, and Lawrence J. Solin, "Transmission and dose perturbations with high-Z materials in clinical electron beams." Medical Physics, Vol. 31 (No. 12), pp. 3213-21, 2004/12// (2004).
2- Chester Reft et al., "Dosimetric considerations for patients with HIP prostheses undergoing pelvic irradiation. Report of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 63." Medical Physics, Vol. 30 (No. 6), pp. 1162-82, (2003).
3- George X. Ding and Christine W. Yu, "A study on beams passing through hip prosthesis for pelvic radiation treatment." International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Vol. 51 (No. 4), pp. 1167-75, (2001).
4- Edwige Buffard, Régine Gschwind, Libor Makovicka, and Céline David, "Monte Carlo calculations of the impact of a hip prosthesis on the dose distribution." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 251 (No. 1), pp. 9-18, (2006).
5- Kheirollah Mohammadi, Mohsen Hassani, Mahdi Ghorbani, Bagher Farhood, and Courtney Knaup, "Evaluation of the accuracy of various dose calculation algorithms of a commercial treatment planning system in the presence of hip prosthesis and comparison with Monte Carlo." Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, (2017).
6- David W. H. Chin et al., "Effect of dental restorations and prostheses on radiotherapy dose distribution: A monte carlo study." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 10 (No. 1), pp. 80-89, (2009).
7- Paul J. Keall, Jeffrey V. Siebers, Robert Jeraj, and Radhe Mohan, "Radiotherapy dose calculations in the presence of hip prostheses." Medical Dosimetry, Vol. 28 (No. 2), pp. 107-12, (2003).
8- C. H. Sibata, H. C. Mota, P. D. Higgins, D. Gaisser, J. P. Saxton, and K. H. Shin, "Influence of hip prostheses on high energy photon dose distributions." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 18 (No. 2), pp. 455-61, (1990).
9- M. Semlitsch and H. G. Willert, "Properties of implant alloys for artificial hip joints." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, Vol. 18 (No. 4), pp. 511-20, (1980).
10- M. Tatcher and S. Palti, "Evaluation of density correction algorithms for photon-beam dose calculations." Radiology, Vol. 141 (No. 1), pp. 201-05, (1981).
11- Nicholas Ade and F. C. P. du Plessis, "Measurement of the influence of titanium hip prosthesis on therapeutic electron beam dose distributions in a novel pelvic phantom." Physica Medica, Vol. 42pp. 99-107, 2017/10// (2017).
12- Sang Hoon Lee et al., "Analysis of output factors with various detectors in small-field electron-beam radiotherapy." Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol. 60 (No. 5), pp. 875-80, (2012).
13- C. Glide‐hurst, H. Zhong, M. Altman, D. Chen, and I. Chetty, "WE‐C‐BRB‐01: Dosimetric Changes Realized from Extended Bit‐Depth and Metal Artifact Reduction in CT." Medical Physics, Vol. 39 (No. 6), pp. 3943-43, (2012).
14- C. Coolens and P. J. Childs, "Calibration of CT hounsfield units for radiotherapy treatment planning of patients with metallic hip prostheses: The use of the extended CT-scale." Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 48 (No. 11), pp. 1591-603, (2003).
15- Elinore Wieslander and Tommy Knöös, "Dose perturbation in the presence of metallic implants: Treatment planning system versus Monte Carlo simulations." Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 48 (No. 20), pp. 3295-305, (2003).
16- Asghar Mesbahi and Farshad Seyed Nejad, "Dose attenuation effect of hip prostheses in a 9-MV photon beam: Commercial treatment planning system versus Monte Carlo calculations." Radiation Medicine - Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Vol. 25 (No. 10), pp. 529-35, 2007/12// (2007).
17- Sung Yen Lin, Tieh Chi Chu, Jao Perng Lin, and Mu Tai Liu, "The effect of a metal hip prosthesis on the radiation dose in therapeutic photon beam irradiations." Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Vol. 57 (No. 1), pp. 17-23, (2002).
18- R. Roberts, "How accurate is a CT-based dose calculation on a pencil beam TPS for a patient with a metallic prosthesis?" Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 46 (No. 9), pp. N227-N27, (2001).
19- Martin Erlanson, Lars Franzén, Roger Henriksson, Bo Littbrand, and Per olov Lofroth, "Planning of radiotherapy for patients with hip prosthesis." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 20 (No. 5), pp. 1093-98, (1991).
20- P. J. Biggs and M. D. Russell, "Effect of a femoral head prosthesis on megavoltage beam radiotherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 14 (No. 3), pp. 581-86, (1988).
21- Brandon M. Barney, Ivy A. Petersen, Sean C. Dowdy, Jamie N. Bakkum-Gamez, Kristi A. Klein, and Michael G. Haddock, "Intraoperative Electron Beam Radiotherapy (IOERT) in the management of locally advanced or recurrent cervical cancer." Radiation Oncology, Vol. 8 (No. 1), pp. 80-80, (2013).
22- Anuja Jhingran and Patricia J. Eifel, "Chapter 30 - The Endometrium." in Radiation Oncology (Ninth Edition), James D. Cox and K. Kian Ang, Eds. Ninth Edit ed. Philadelphia: Mosby, (2010), pp. 774-97.
23- Daryoush Sheikh-Bagheri and D. W. O. Rogers, "Sensitivity of megavoltage photon beam Monte Carlo simulations to electron beam and other parameters." medical physics, Vol. 29 (No. 3), pp. 379-90, 2002/03/01 (2002).
24- Philip von Voigts-Rhetz, Damian Czarnecki, and Klemens Zink, "Effective point of measurement for parallel plate and cylindrical ion chambers in megavoltage electron beams." Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik, Vol. 24 (No. 3), pp. 216-23, 2014/09/01/ (2014).
25- Jose Perez-Calatayud, Facundo Ballester, Miguel A. Serrano, José L. Lluch, Emilio Casal, and Vicente Carmona, "Dosimetric characteristics of backscattered electrons in lead." Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. 45 (No. 7), p. 1841, (2000).
26- Sanjay Sathiyan, M. Ravikumar, and Sanjay S. Supe, "Measurement of backscattered dose at metallic interfaces using high energy electron beams." Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, Vol. 11 (No. 3), pp. 117-21, (2006).
27- D. Mihailescu and C. Borcia, "electron dose distributions in inhomogeneous phantoms: a Monte Carlo Study." Rom. Rep. Phys, Vol. 70pp. 603-03, (2018).
28- Indra J. Das and Faiz M. Kahn, "Backscatter Dose Perturbation at High Atomic Number Interfaces in Megavoltage Photon Beams." Medical Physics, Vol. 16 (No. 3), pp. 367-75, 1989/5// (1989).
29- Yang Li, Zhongsheng Zhou, Shenghao Xu, Jinlan Jiang, and Jianlin Xiao, "Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Osteoradionecrosis of the Femoral Head." in Medical Science Monitor Vol. 29, ed, (2023).
30- Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni Toossi, Marziyeh Behmadi, Mahdi Ghorbani, and Hamid Gholamhosseinian, "A Monte Carlo study on electron and neutron contamination caused by the presence of hip prosthesis in photon mode of a 15 MV Siemens PRIMUS linac." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 14 (No. 5), pp. 52-67, (2013).
31- Rowen J. de Vries and Steven Marsh, "Evaluation of backscatter dose from internal lead shielding in clinical electron beams using EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulations." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 16 (No. 6), pp. 139-50, 2015/11// (2015).
32- Indra J. Das, Chee Wai Cheng, Raj K. Mitra, Alireza Kassaee, Zelig Tochner, and Lawrence J. Solin, "Transmission and dose perturbations with high-Z materials in clinical electron beams." Medical Physics, Vol. 31 (No. 12), pp. 3213-21, 2004/12// (2004).
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| Issue | Vol 11 No 4 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fbt.v11i4.16513 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Dose Perturbation Electron Backscatter Factor Hip Prostheses Monte Carlo Calculation Radiotherapy | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Hashemizadeh M, Zabihzadeh M, Azadbakht O, Jamali M. Estimation of Dose Perturbation Due to the Presence of Metal Hip Prostheses in Radiotherapy with Electron and Photon Beams: A Monte Carlo Study. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2024;11(4):642-650.
