Green Synthesis of iron Nanoparticles by Aqueous Extract of Zingiber officinale: Characterization and inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli investigated
,
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of biomedical researchers is to overcome harmful bacteria' resistance to antibiotics by developing new active chemicals quickly, cheaply, easily, and environmentally.
Materials and Methods: In this instance, iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) were created using a green method by mixing an equal volume of Zingiber officinale aqueous extract with a 100 ml solution of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2.4H2O (0.4 M)). The distinctive dark brown color shift of the mixture indicated the production of Fe-NPs.
Results: This suggests that the nanocomposite was created and the reaction occurred. FT-IR, TEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy were utilized to analyze phytosynthesized Fe-NPs. Overall, the phytosynthesized Fe-NPs show activities that enable their use in various biomedical and biotechnological applications. Additionally, the antimicrobial effect was investigated against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).
Conclusion: The antibacterial activity of E. coli was determined, and the highest zone of inhibition was observed at the concentration of 100 μg/mL.
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3- F Buarki, H AbuHassan, F Al Hannan, and FZ Henari, "Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers and their antibacterial activity." Journal of Nanotechnology, Vol. 2022pp. 1-6, (2022).
4- Eman N Hammad, Salem S Salem, Asem A Mohamed, and Wagdi El-Dougdoug, "Environmental impacts of ecofriendly iron oxide nanoparticles on dyes removal and antibacterial activity." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 194 (No. 12), pp. 6053-67, (2022).
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8- Solomon Kebede Urge, Solomon Tiruneh Dibaba, and Abebe Belay Gemta, "Green Synthesis Method of ZnO Nanoparticles using Extracts of Zingiber officinale and Garlic Bulb (Allium sativum) and Their Synergetic Effect for Antibacterial Activities." Journal of Nanomaterials, Vol. 2023(2023).
9- Esam J Al-Kalifawi, "Green synthesis of magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles by using Al-Abbas’s (AS) hund fruit (Citrus medica) var. sarcodactylis swingle extract and used in Al-’alqami river water treatment." J. Nat. Sci. Res, Vol. 5pp. 125-35, (2015).
10- Doaa Kaduim, Zaid Mahmoud, and Falah Mousa, "Green biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and testing their inhibitory efficacy against some pathogens." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Vol. 18 (No. 4), pp. 119-23, (2021).
11- Dunia Falah Hassan and Mahmood Basil Mahmood, "Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Escherichia coli." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 453-59, (2019).
12- Saif Alden J Mohammed, Bilal K Al-Rawi, and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Fe3O4@ SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization Prepared by Green Method for Iraqi Aloe Vera Extract." International Journal of Nanoscience, Vol. 22 (No. 02), p. 2350009, (2023).
13- Rand A Hayder and Zainab J Shanan, "Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity." International Journal of Nanoscience, Vol. 21 (No. 06), p. 2250050, (2022).
14- Ahmed K Hassan, Mohammed A Atiya, and Imad M Luaibi, "A Green Synthesis of Iron/Copper Nanoparticles as a Catalytic of Fenton-like Reactions for Removal of Orange G Dye." Baghdad Science Journal, Vol. 19 (No. 6), pp. 1249-49, (2022).
15- Al-Hamdani Hamdia and H Ahmed Sundus, "The Effect of Exposing the Extract of Derived Olive (Oleaeuropaea) Leaves to Microwaves in the Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Inhibiting the Biological Activity of Different Types of Pathogenic Bacteria." in 9th International Conference for Sustainable Agricultural Development, (2019), pp. 4-6.
16- Duha A Kadhim et al., "Preparation of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles from Mixing Henna Extract With Ferric Chloride to Cytotoxic Assay on Cancer Cell Line." Basrah Journal of Sciences, Vol. 39 (No. 3), pp. 384-97, (2021).
17- Hasan Fadhil Al-Rubai, Atyaf Khalid Hameed Al-dahan, and Ban A Jasim, "Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Modification with CTAB for the Decolorization of Dye Reactive Blue 238." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 1592-600, (2023).
18- Muslim A Abid and Duha A Kadhim, "Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles by mixing chilli with rust iron extract to examine antibacterial activity." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 10), pp. 1494-503, (2022).
19- Rusul M Abdallah and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Optical and Morphology Properties of the Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Prepared by Green Method." in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, (2021), Vol. 1829 (No. 1): IOP Publishing, p. 012022.
20- Ghada Mohammed Saleh, "Green synthesis concept of nanoparticles from environmental bacteria and their effects on pathogenic bacteria." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 1289-97, (2020).
21- Duha A Kadhim et al., "Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using plant (Beta vulgaris and Punica granatum) extracts for a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) cytotoxic assay." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 13), pp. 2436-44, (2022).
22- LA Yaaqoob, "Evaluation of the biological effect synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis." Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol. 53 (No. 2), pp. 440-52, (2022).
23- Farah M Abdulsada, Nehia N Hussein, and Ghassan M Sulaiman, "Potentials of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe3O4): As Antioxidant and Alternative Therapeutic Agent Against Common Multidrug-Resistant Microbial Species." Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 64 (No. 6), pp. 2759-73, (2023).
24- Raghad abdull atif abdul Razaq, Sundushameed Ahmed, Salwakhudadad Khalid, and Isam Hussain T Al-Karkhi, "Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences."
25- Haider Turky AL-Mousawi, Mohammed I AL-Taee, and Maarib N Qabas Nima AL-Hajjar, "Molecular and nanotechnical study for antibiofilm formation and csuE gene expression activities of synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates." Iraqi journal of biotechnology, Vol. 18 (No. 2), (2019).
26- Lames Alhadide, Zaizfoon Nasif, and Muntadhar Sultan, "Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Loaded on Bovine Lactoferrin Nanoparticles Incorporated into Whey Protein Films in Food Applications." Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 66 (No. 6), pp. 159-69, (2023).
27- Raad S Sabry, Muslim A Abid, and Sarah Q Hussein, "Effects of Change PH on The Structural and Optical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, Vol. 32 (No. 3), pp. 58-62, (2021).
28- Mohammed A Atiya, Ahmed K Hassan, and Fatimah Q Kadhim, "Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Tea Leaves Extract to Remove Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from Aqueous Media." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 2832-54, (2021).
29- SA Saleh, MA Abid, and SY Al-Samarrai, "Iron oxide nanoparticles were preparation by mixing iron chloride salt with garlic extract."
30- Dunia Falah Hassan and Mahmood Basil Mahmood, "Using of iron oxide nanoparticles and application in the removing of heavy metals from sewage water." Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 60 (No. 4), pp. 732-38, (2019).
31- Muslim A Abid, Duha A Kadhim, and Wisam J Aziz, "Iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis using trigonella and tomato extracts and their antibacterial activity." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 8), pp. 547-54, (2022).
32- Rasha A Al-husseiny, Sabreen L Kareem, Ahmed Samir Naje, and Shahlaa E Ebrahim, "Effect of green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanomaterial on the removal of cefixime from aqueous solution." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, pp. 1-12, (2023).
33- W Jafer Aziz and Abd Urabe, "A. Chemical Preparation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Plants Extracts in Antibacterial Application." Int. J. Bioorganic Chem, Vol. 4pp. 1-6, (2019).
34- Maysoon M Abdul Hassan, Sahar S Hassan, and Ahmed K Hassan, "Comparative of Green-Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles Iron/Nickel (Fe/Ni) and Supported on Zeolite 5A: Heterogeneous Fenton-like For Dye Removal From Aqueous Solutions." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Vol. 19 (No. 5), pp. 53-66, (2022).
35- Wassan Mhammed Husain, Jawad K Araak, and Orooba MS Ibrahim, "Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from (Punica granatum L) pomegranate aqueous peel extract." The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 43 (No. 2), pp. 6-14, (2019).
36- Sundus Hameed Ahmed, Rasha Sattam Hameed, Alyaa Muhsin Yousif, and Zena Hassan Jazar, "Studying the Antibacterial and Insecticidal Properties of Rosemary Extract by Iron Nanoparticles Prepared by Using Ultrasound." South Asian Res J App Med Sci, Vol. 5 (No. 2), pp. 19-25, (2023).
37- Husam A Khamees and Muslim A Abid, "Green Synthesis of IONPs for Photocatalytic Activities." Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences, Vol. 35 (No. 4), pp. 125-35, (2022).
38- Ahlam Jameel Abdulghani and Waleed Madhloom Al-Ogedy, "Synthesis and characterization of multishapes of fe3o4 nanoparticle by solve-hydrothermal method using microwave radiation." Baghdad Science Journal, Vol. 13 (No. 2), pp. 0331-31, (2016).
39- Ruqayah A Ulwali, Nada K Abass, Mirvat Dawood Majed, and Hanan Abed Alwally, "Green synthesis of MgO NPs by olea europeae leaves extract from bulk MgO and study physical properties." NeuroQuantology, Vol. 19 (No. 5), pp. 114-19, (2021).
40- Dooraid N Ahmed, Maad A Hussein, Mohammed B Abdul-Kareem, Waqed H Hassan, Nadhir Al-Ansari, and Ayad AH Faisal, "Green Synthesis of Hybrid Iron Oxides/Graphene Immobilization on the Iron Slag for Reclamation Congo Red Dye-Water." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, Vol. 234 (No. 12), p. 778, (2023).
41- Rusul Mohammed Abdallah and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Magnetic, Optical Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticle Synthesized in Different Parameters." Journal of Nano Research, Vol. 74pp. 59-68, (2022).
42- Hanen Abdulalsalam, Naksheen M Ardalan, and Sundus H Ahmed, "Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect by using iron nanoparticles prepared by Juglans regia water extract." Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 5 (No. 4), pp. 1151-56, (2017).
43- Rania Huseen, Ali Taha, and Oday Abdulhusein, "Study Of biological activities of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation method." Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology, Vol. 1 (No. 2), pp. 37-48, (2021).
44- Najwa Saber Majeed and Duaa Mahammed Naji, "Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Open Vessel Ageing Process." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Vol. 19 (No. 2), pp. 27-31, (2018).
45- Husam A Khamees and Muslim A Abid, "Effects of Different Biosynthesis Methods on the Structural and Optical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Photocatalytic Application." Journal of Nanostructures, Vol. 12 (No. 4), pp. 999-1012, (2022).
46- Rand Ali, Zainab J Shanan, Ghada Muhammad Saleh, and Quraysh Abass, "Green synthesis and the study of some physical properties of MgO nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 266-76, (2020).
47- Raed H Althomali et al., "Synthesis of a bistriazolyl-phenanthroline–Cu (ii) complex immobilized on nanomagnetic iron oxide as a novel green catalyst for synthesis of imidazoles via annulation reactions." Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 5 (No. 22), pp. 6177-93, (2023).
48- Jolly Oder Akullo, Beatrice Kiage, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, and John Kinyuru, "Effect of aqueous and organic solvent extraction on in-vitro antimicrobial activity of two varieties of fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum)." Heliyon, Vol. 8 (No. 9), (2022).
49- Abderrhmane Bouafia, Salah Eddine Laouini, Mohammed Laid Tedjani, Gomaa AM Ali, and Ahmed Barhoum, "Green biosynthesis and physicochemical characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Punica granatum L. fruit peel extract for optoelectronic applications." Textile Research Journal, Vol. 92 (No. 15-16), pp. 2685-96, (2022).
50- Lilit Gabrielyan, Lilit Hakobyan, Ashkhen Hovhannisyan, and Armen Trchounian, "Effects of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on Escherichia coli antibiotic‐resistant strains." Journal of applied microbiology, Vol. 126 (No. 4), pp. 1108-16, (2019).
2- Maha Abd Qasim and Laith Ahmad Yaaqoob, "Evaluation of antibacterial activity of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesis by extracellular lactobacillus against pseudomonas aeruginosa." (2023).
3- F Buarki, H AbuHassan, F Al Hannan, and FZ Henari, "Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers and their antibacterial activity." Journal of Nanotechnology, Vol. 2022pp. 1-6, (2022).
4- Eman N Hammad, Salem S Salem, Asem A Mohamed, and Wagdi El-Dougdoug, "Environmental impacts of ecofriendly iron oxide nanoparticles on dyes removal and antibacterial activity." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 194 (No. 12), pp. 6053-67, (2022).
5- Attarad Ali et al., "Synthesis, characterization, applications, and challenges of iron oxide nanoparticles." Nanotechnology, science and applications, pp. 49-67, (2016).
6- Wei Wu, Quanguo He, and Changzhong Jiang, "Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and surface functionalization strategies." Nanoscale research letters, Vol. 3pp. 397-415, (2008).
7- Shoeb Anwar Mohammed Khawja Ansari et al., "Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and functionalization for biomedical applications in the central nervous system." Materials, Vol. 12 (No. 3), p. 465, (2019).
8- Solomon Kebede Urge, Solomon Tiruneh Dibaba, and Abebe Belay Gemta, "Green Synthesis Method of ZnO Nanoparticles using Extracts of Zingiber officinale and Garlic Bulb (Allium sativum) and Their Synergetic Effect for Antibacterial Activities." Journal of Nanomaterials, Vol. 2023(2023).
9- Esam J Al-Kalifawi, "Green synthesis of magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles by using Al-Abbas’s (AS) hund fruit (Citrus medica) var. sarcodactylis swingle extract and used in Al-’alqami river water treatment." J. Nat. Sci. Res, Vol. 5pp. 125-35, (2015).
10- Doaa Kaduim, Zaid Mahmoud, and Falah Mousa, "Green biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and testing their inhibitory efficacy against some pathogens." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Vol. 18 (No. 4), pp. 119-23, (2021).
11- Dunia Falah Hassan and Mahmood Basil Mahmood, "Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Escherichia coli." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 453-59, (2019).
12- Saif Alden J Mohammed, Bilal K Al-Rawi, and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Fe3O4@ SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization Prepared by Green Method for Iraqi Aloe Vera Extract." International Journal of Nanoscience, Vol. 22 (No. 02), p. 2350009, (2023).
13- Rand A Hayder and Zainab J Shanan, "Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity." International Journal of Nanoscience, Vol. 21 (No. 06), p. 2250050, (2022).
14- Ahmed K Hassan, Mohammed A Atiya, and Imad M Luaibi, "A Green Synthesis of Iron/Copper Nanoparticles as a Catalytic of Fenton-like Reactions for Removal of Orange G Dye." Baghdad Science Journal, Vol. 19 (No. 6), pp. 1249-49, (2022).
15- Al-Hamdani Hamdia and H Ahmed Sundus, "The Effect of Exposing the Extract of Derived Olive (Oleaeuropaea) Leaves to Microwaves in the Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Inhibiting the Biological Activity of Different Types of Pathogenic Bacteria." in 9th International Conference for Sustainable Agricultural Development, (2019), pp. 4-6.
16- Duha A Kadhim et al., "Preparation of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles from Mixing Henna Extract With Ferric Chloride to Cytotoxic Assay on Cancer Cell Line." Basrah Journal of Sciences, Vol. 39 (No. 3), pp. 384-97, (2021).
17- Hasan Fadhil Al-Rubai, Atyaf Khalid Hameed Al-dahan, and Ban A Jasim, "Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Modification with CTAB for the Decolorization of Dye Reactive Blue 238." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 1592-600, (2023).
18- Muslim A Abid and Duha A Kadhim, "Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles by mixing chilli with rust iron extract to examine antibacterial activity." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 10), pp. 1494-503, (2022).
19- Rusul M Abdallah and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Optical and Morphology Properties of the Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Prepared by Green Method." in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, (2021), Vol. 1829 (No. 1): IOP Publishing, p. 012022.
20- Ghada Mohammed Saleh, "Green synthesis concept of nanoparticles from environmental bacteria and their effects on pathogenic bacteria." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 1289-97, (2020).
21- Duha A Kadhim et al., "Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using plant (Beta vulgaris and Punica granatum) extracts for a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) cytotoxic assay." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 13), pp. 2436-44, (2022).
22- LA Yaaqoob, "Evaluation of the biological effect synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis." Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol. 53 (No. 2), pp. 440-52, (2022).
23- Farah M Abdulsada, Nehia N Hussein, and Ghassan M Sulaiman, "Potentials of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe3O4): As Antioxidant and Alternative Therapeutic Agent Against Common Multidrug-Resistant Microbial Species." Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 64 (No. 6), pp. 2759-73, (2023).
24- Raghad abdull atif abdul Razaq, Sundushameed Ahmed, Salwakhudadad Khalid, and Isam Hussain T Al-Karkhi, "Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences."
25- Haider Turky AL-Mousawi, Mohammed I AL-Taee, and Maarib N Qabas Nima AL-Hajjar, "Molecular and nanotechnical study for antibiofilm formation and csuE gene expression activities of synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates." Iraqi journal of biotechnology, Vol. 18 (No. 2), (2019).
26- Lames Alhadide, Zaizfoon Nasif, and Muntadhar Sultan, "Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Loaded on Bovine Lactoferrin Nanoparticles Incorporated into Whey Protein Films in Food Applications." Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 66 (No. 6), pp. 159-69, (2023).
27- Raad S Sabry, Muslim A Abid, and Sarah Q Hussein, "Effects of Change PH on The Structural and Optical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, Vol. 32 (No. 3), pp. 58-62, (2021).
28- Mohammed A Atiya, Ahmed K Hassan, and Fatimah Q Kadhim, "Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Tea Leaves Extract to Remove Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from Aqueous Media." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 2832-54, (2021).
29- SA Saleh, MA Abid, and SY Al-Samarrai, "Iron oxide nanoparticles were preparation by mixing iron chloride salt with garlic extract."
30- Dunia Falah Hassan and Mahmood Basil Mahmood, "Using of iron oxide nanoparticles and application in the removing of heavy metals from sewage water." Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 60 (No. 4), pp. 732-38, (2019).
31- Muslim A Abid, Duha A Kadhim, and Wisam J Aziz, "Iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis using trigonella and tomato extracts and their antibacterial activity." Materials Technology, Vol. 37 (No. 8), pp. 547-54, (2022).
32- Rasha A Al-husseiny, Sabreen L Kareem, Ahmed Samir Naje, and Shahlaa E Ebrahim, "Effect of green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanomaterial on the removal of cefixime from aqueous solution." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, pp. 1-12, (2023).
33- W Jafer Aziz and Abd Urabe, "A. Chemical Preparation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Plants Extracts in Antibacterial Application." Int. J. Bioorganic Chem, Vol. 4pp. 1-6, (2019).
34- Maysoon M Abdul Hassan, Sahar S Hassan, and Ahmed K Hassan, "Comparative of Green-Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles Iron/Nickel (Fe/Ni) and Supported on Zeolite 5A: Heterogeneous Fenton-like For Dye Removal From Aqueous Solutions." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Vol. 19 (No. 5), pp. 53-66, (2022).
35- Wassan Mhammed Husain, Jawad K Araak, and Orooba MS Ibrahim, "Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from (Punica granatum L) pomegranate aqueous peel extract." The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 43 (No. 2), pp. 6-14, (2019).
36- Sundus Hameed Ahmed, Rasha Sattam Hameed, Alyaa Muhsin Yousif, and Zena Hassan Jazar, "Studying the Antibacterial and Insecticidal Properties of Rosemary Extract by Iron Nanoparticles Prepared by Using Ultrasound." South Asian Res J App Med Sci, Vol. 5 (No. 2), pp. 19-25, (2023).
37- Husam A Khamees and Muslim A Abid, "Green Synthesis of IONPs for Photocatalytic Activities." Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences, Vol. 35 (No. 4), pp. 125-35, (2022).
38- Ahlam Jameel Abdulghani and Waleed Madhloom Al-Ogedy, "Synthesis and characterization of multishapes of fe3o4 nanoparticle by solve-hydrothermal method using microwave radiation." Baghdad Science Journal, Vol. 13 (No. 2), pp. 0331-31, (2016).
39- Ruqayah A Ulwali, Nada K Abass, Mirvat Dawood Majed, and Hanan Abed Alwally, "Green synthesis of MgO NPs by olea europeae leaves extract from bulk MgO and study physical properties." NeuroQuantology, Vol. 19 (No. 5), pp. 114-19, (2021).
40- Dooraid N Ahmed, Maad A Hussein, Mohammed B Abdul-Kareem, Waqed H Hassan, Nadhir Al-Ansari, and Ayad AH Faisal, "Green Synthesis of Hybrid Iron Oxides/Graphene Immobilization on the Iron Slag for Reclamation Congo Red Dye-Water." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, Vol. 234 (No. 12), p. 778, (2023).
41- Rusul Mohammed Abdallah and Raad MS Al-Haddad, "Magnetic, Optical Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticle Synthesized in Different Parameters." Journal of Nano Research, Vol. 74pp. 59-68, (2022).
42- Hanen Abdulalsalam, Naksheen M Ardalan, and Sundus H Ahmed, "Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect by using iron nanoparticles prepared by Juglans regia water extract." Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 5 (No. 4), pp. 1151-56, (2017).
43- Rania Huseen, Ali Taha, and Oday Abdulhusein, "Study Of biological activities of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation method." Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology, Vol. 1 (No. 2), pp. 37-48, (2021).
44- Najwa Saber Majeed and Duaa Mahammed Naji, "Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Open Vessel Ageing Process." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Vol. 19 (No. 2), pp. 27-31, (2018).
45- Husam A Khamees and Muslim A Abid, "Effects of Different Biosynthesis Methods on the Structural and Optical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Photocatalytic Application." Journal of Nanostructures, Vol. 12 (No. 4), pp. 999-1012, (2022).
46- Rand Ali, Zainab J Shanan, Ghada Muhammad Saleh, and Quraysh Abass, "Green synthesis and the study of some physical properties of MgO nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity." Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 266-76, (2020).
47- Raed H Althomali et al., "Synthesis of a bistriazolyl-phenanthroline–Cu (ii) complex immobilized on nanomagnetic iron oxide as a novel green catalyst for synthesis of imidazoles via annulation reactions." Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 5 (No. 22), pp. 6177-93, (2023).
48- Jolly Oder Akullo, Beatrice Kiage, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, and John Kinyuru, "Effect of aqueous and organic solvent extraction on in-vitro antimicrobial activity of two varieties of fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum)." Heliyon, Vol. 8 (No. 9), (2022).
49- Abderrhmane Bouafia, Salah Eddine Laouini, Mohammed Laid Tedjani, Gomaa AM Ali, and Ahmed Barhoum, "Green biosynthesis and physicochemical characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Punica granatum L. fruit peel extract for optoelectronic applications." Textile Research Journal, Vol. 92 (No. 15-16), pp. 2685-96, (2022).
50- Lilit Gabrielyan, Lilit Hakobyan, Ashkhen Hovhannisyan, and Armen Trchounian, "Effects of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on Escherichia coli antibiotic‐resistant strains." Journal of applied microbiology, Vol. 126 (No. 4), pp. 1108-16, (2019).
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How to Cite
1.
Khaleel HI, Kadhim NQ, Abdalrida AQ. Green Synthesis of iron Nanoparticles by Aqueous Extract of Zingiber officinale: Characterization and inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli investigated. Frontiers Biomed Technol. 2024;.
