2023 CiteScore: 0.8
pISSN: 2345-5829
eISSN: 2345-5837
Editor-in-Chief:
Mohammad Reza Ay
Chairman:
Saeid Sarkar
Executive Director:
Hossein Ghadiri
Vol 5 No 3-4 (2018)
Original Article(s)
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Purpose: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancers type and represents the first cause of cancer death for woman. This study was conducted aiming at evaluating some risk factors in patients with breast carcinoma in El Oued (Algeria) region.
Materials and Methods: Our study is based on 300 voluntary individuals divided into 150 healthy women reserved as a control and 150 female cancer patients with average age of 44.15±0.91 years old; their origin covers the whole El Oued (Algeria) region and they were selected from the oncology service of the hospital of BEN AMOR DJILANI El Oued (Algeria). Risk of certain socio-clinical factors has been estimated by the determination of the value of Odds Ratio (OR).
Results: Our study reports show a strong association between socioeconomic behavior such as passive smoking, social problems, sunshine exposed. (2.27 < OR > 4.69; p<0.05), and clinical factors such as chronic diseases and contraceptive pull (1.97 < OR >12.56; p<0.001) with breast cancer, but in this study we show that the phone in bras and fast food are the most dangerous risk factor, (OR = 31.06, OR =19.05; p<0.001) respectively, for breast cancer. Yet spices and breastfeeding more than 8 months (OR = 0.444, OR =0.27; p<0.05) are important protective factors against this disease.
Conclusion: Social behavior and lifestyle is a contributing factor in breast cancer attainment in the region of El Oued (Algeria), which requires high sensitivity to modify these behavior for limited progression of the disease in this region. -
Purpose: Radiographers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice and their implementation in their daily routines, play a significant role in radiation protection. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the radiographers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) about radiation protection.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 10 provinces of Iran in 2014-2015 and respondents in this study were 172 personnel of mammography departments. A validated questionnaire was designed to be used in a descriptive, cross-sectional study to examine radiographers' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about radiation protection in selected imaging centers in Iran in 2014-2015. Data gathered via the questionnaire involved some demographic information consisting of the specialty, job title, expertise in years, time passed since graduation, gender, type of centers, including educational, non-educational and private.
Results: The results indicate no significant difference between two genders (p-value=0.067), educational age (p-value=0.862) and practice age (p-value=0.415). Moreover, there was no significant difference in type of hospital (Educational, Non educational and Private clinic) (p-value=0.159), but it was indicated that there was significant difference between regions (Capital, Center, East, North and West) (p-value=0.003).
Conclusion: Our study showed that knowledge, practice and attitude of mammography personnel were not enough. Therefore, continuous and complete educational programs, including principles of radiation protection is required for radiology staffs and the importance of these programs should be considered differently around the country. The findings of this study can help to develop educational policies in order to balance the status of knowledge concerning radiation protection and its potential hazards in different regions of Iran. -
Purpose: 68Ga is a generator-based radionuclide with suitable characteristics for PET imaging. 68Ga-EDTMP has recently been introduced as a new agent for bone imaging. In this study, the human absorbed dose of this agent was calculated according to RADAR method and based on the bio-distribution data in Wild-type rats.
Materials and Methods: 68Ga was obtained from 68Ge/68Ga generator. While, the radiolabeled complex was prepared in the optimized conditions, the radiochemical purity was checked by Instant Thin Layer Chromatography (ITLC) method. Absorbed dose of each human organ was calculated following the bio-distribution assessment of the complex in the Wild-type rats up to 120 min.
Results: 68Ga was prepared with radionuclidic purity and radiochemical purity of higher than 99%. The results indicated the radiochemical purity of higher than 99% for 68Ga-EDTMP. As expected, bone surface and bone marrow with 0.112 and 0.053 mSv/MBq, respectively, received the highest absorbed dose. The dose of total body was estimated to be 0.006 mSv/MBq.
Conclusion: according to the results, the radiolabeled complex can be considered as a safe agent for bone imaging. -
Introduction: Owing to the abundance of head and neck epithelial tumors and their treatment by radiotherapy and the complications of ionizing rays on the organs that may be in the radiation field and/or in the vicinity of radiation field during radiotherapy as well as the sensitive organs such as gonads to the radiation, to be aware of the absorbed dose of such organs in radiotherapy of head and neck tumors and to reduce the absorbed dose of these organs seem a very crucial issue. This study aims to measure the absorbed dose of thyroid, parathyroid, eye lens and gonads (ovaries and testicles) in radiotherapy of head and neck epithelial tumors and to compare it with the tolerance dose values (TD5/5) of each organ.
Materials and Methods: In this research, the received dose to the thyroid, parathyroid, eye lens and gonads in designing a 2-D treatment was measured by TLD-100 for curing the head and neck cancers by Cobalt-60 Device on a tissue-equivalent human phantom and on 20 patients (10 men, 10 women) with head and neck epithelial cancer. The values of absorbed dose were compared using T-test at various depths in phantom and in the area of intended organs. Then, the results were analyzed on Excel®-2010.
Results: According to the measurements on phantom, the results of absorbed dose are 176.5±17.3cGy, 6.22±0.14 cGy, 0.37±0.07 cGy and 0.12±0.08 cGy for thyroid-parathyroid, eye lens, ovaries, and testicles, respectively. Meanwhile, the values of average absorbed dose based on measurements on patients are 145.4±12.7 cGy, 7.79±0.36 cGy, 0.26±0.03 cGy and 0.18±0.08 cGy for thyroid-parathyroid, eye lens, ovaries, and testicles, respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion: The measurements on phantom at various depths and the analysis of results showed that the absorbed dose does not entail a significant difference in the thyroid and parathyroid regions during the radiotherapy of head and neck epithelial tumors and in the assumed treatment fields (P-Value<0.05). There was a significant difference in the area of ovaries in the absorbed dose of various depths (P-Value<0.05). The average absorbed dose of above-mentioned organs is smaller than their tolerance dose (TD5/5). -
Purpose: Spatial resolution and accurate quantification in animal SPECT plays a critical role in preclinical imaging. Appropriate Projections filtering can help to address the issue of resolution compensation and recovery coefficients. The main aim of current study was to explore a new version of MLEM algorithm with pre-reconstruction Fourier transform filtering to improve the Recovery Coefficient RC by filtering the projections.
Materials and Methods: A complete set of measurements was performed using HiReSPECT system. Different phantom studies were performed using point sources, NEMA NU 4 and dedicated hot rod phantom. All data was reconstructed using the developed Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization (MLEM) algorithm with and without resolution recovery information and also with our presented pre-reconstruction Fourier transform filter. Image quality was assessed by different parameters such as Coefficient Of Variation (COV), Recovery Coefficient (RC) and FWHM.
Results: FWHM in tangential direction was improved 0.6 and 0.2 for our presented algorithm against MLEM without and with CDRF, respectively. Fourier filtering image led to improvement of image quality where hot rods with 1.6 and 1.8 mm in diameter could be recognized clearly in our presented algorithm in dedicated hot rod phantom. Our presented algorithm resulted in rapid convergence and growth of RC in lower iteration.
Conclusion: The purpose of the current study was to introduce new pre-reconstruction filter. The results of this investigation showed that the inclusion of our proposed filter can lead to better image quality and quantification in lower iteration. These data suggest that current filter can provide higher RC in lower iteration.
